- Vinyl polymer
group (C=C) into a chain (..-C-C-C-C-..). In popular usage, "vinyl" refers only to PVC. Vinyl polymers are the most common type of plastic:
*Polymerized simple alkenes:
polyethylene fromethene ,polypropylene frompropene andpolybutadiene frombutadiene .
*Polystyrene is made fromstyrene or "vinyl benzene".
*Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is made bypolymerization of themonomer vinyl chloride (chloroethene) CH2=CHCl
*Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) is made by polymerization ofvinyl acetate . In a water suspension, this is used as a glue.
*Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is produced byhydrolysis ofpolyvinyl acetate . (Not by polymerization of the monomer vinyl alcohol orethenol , which is an unfavored keto-enoltautomer ofacetaldehyde .)
*Polyacrylonitrile is prepared fromacrylonitrile :
Other vinyl monomers with a 1,2-substitution pattern do as a general rule not polymerize due to
steric hindrance it is thermodynamically still favorable. As an exception it was found [Polymerization of "Unpolymerizable" Molecules through Topological Control Seth Washburn, Jochen Lauterbach, and Christopher M. SnivelyMacromolecules ; 2006; 39(24) pp 8210 - 8212; (Communication to the Editor) DOI| 10.1021/ma061724j] that the monomer fumaronitrile (related tofumaric acid and also toacrylonitrile but with an extra nitrile group) does polymerize but only in a very special way:.
A very thin film of monomer was prepared in a
vacuum chamber on atantalum substrate at -173°C and then photopolymerized. Due to the poor penetration depth of the radiation, thin polymer films with thickness severalmicrometre s were obtained nevertheless withdegree of polymerization in the 10,000 range. The polymerization is able to take place because the monomer molecules in the film are completely disorganized (isotropic) and therefore there is always a possibility for two monomers to react which they do not have in the crystalline phase.References
ee also
*
The Vinyl Institute
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