Auxilia palatina

Auxilia palatina

Auxilia palatina were the late Roman Empire infantry units, first raised by Constantine I as part of the new field army he created in about 325.

Some of the senior and probably oldest of these units had special names such as "Cornuti" or "Brachiati"; others were named after the tribes from which they were recruited (many of these in eastern Gaul, or among the German barbarians). These units all became palatine units when a distinction was drawn between "palatina" and the remainder of the "comitatenses" around 365. There is no direct evidence for the strength of an "auxilium", but A.H.M. Jones ("History of the Later Roman Empire", Blackwell, Oxford, 1964 p 682) estimates that it may have been 600 or 700. Some "auxilia" are attested as "limitanei", especially on the Danube. It is not clear whether these were regarded as a different category of unit.

List of auxilia palatina

List of the "auxilia palatina" included in the early 5th century "Notitia Dignitatum", which depicts also some of the shield patterns of the units.
*Cornuti seniores
*Brachiati seniores
*Petulantes seniores
*Celtae seniores
*Batavi seniores
*Mattiaci seniores
*Mattiaci iuniores
*Ascarii seniores
*Ascarii iuniores
*Iovii seniores
*Cornuti iuniores
*Sagittarii Nervii
*Leones seniores
*Leones iuniores
*Exculcatores seniores
*Sagittarii Tungri
*Exculcatores iuniores
*Tubantes
*Salii
*Grati
*Felices seniores
*Felices iuniores

*Gratianenses seniores
*Invicti seniores
*Augustei
*Iovii iuniores
*Victores iuniores
*Batavi iuniores
*Bructeri
*Ampsivarii
*Gratianenses iuniores
*Valentianenses iuniores
*Raeti
*Sequani
*Sagittarii venatores
*Latini
*Sabini
*Brachiati iuniores
*Honoriani Atecotti seniores
*Honoriani Marcomanni seniores
*Honoriani Marcomanni iuniores
*Honoriani Atecotti iuniores
*Brisigavi seniores
*Brisigavi iuniores

*Honoriani Mauri seniores
*Honoriani Mauri iuniores
*Celtae iuniores
*Invicti iuniores Britanniciani
*Exculcatores iuniores Britanniciani
*Felices Valentinianenses
*Mattiaci iuniores Gallicani
*Salii Gallicani
*Sagittarii Nervii Gallicani
*Iovii iuniores Gallicani
*Seguntienses
*Galli victores
*Honoriani victores iuniores
*Honoriani ascarii seniores
*Felices iuniores Gallicani
*Atecotti iuniores Gallicani
*Tungri
*Honoriani Gallicani
*Mauri tonantes seniores
*Mauri tonantes iuniores


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