Science and technology in Europe
- Science and technology in Europe
Europe's achievements in science and technology have been significant and research and development efforts form an integral part of the European economy. Europe has been the home of some of the most prominent researchers in various scientific disciplines, notably physics, mathematics, chemistry and engineering. Scientific research in Europe is supported by industry, by the European universities and by several scientific institutions. The raw output of scientific research from Europe consistently ranks among the world's best.
Historical overview
Although the European Union was only founded in 1958, the tradition of scientific research in Europe is much older and can be traced back to the scientific revolution. Europe is home to some of the world's oldest universities, such as the University of Bologna, although the oldest European universities were, at the time of their foundation, more centered on philosophy, theology and law than on science.
Institutions
European Union
* Directorate-General for Research
* Joint Research Centre
Foundations and research promoting
* European Research Council
* European Molecular Biology Organization
Research organisations
* European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
* European Institute of Innovation and Technology
* European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)
* European Space Agency (ESA)
* Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM)
* Institute for Transuranium Elements(ITU)
* Institute for the Protection and the Security of the Citizen (IPSC)
* Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES)
* Institute for Health and Consumer Protection (IHCP)
* Institute for Energy (IE)
* Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS)
cientific fields
Physics
Chemistry
Mathematics
Biological and earth sciences
Psychology
References
* [http://ec.europa.eu/invest-in-research/monitoring/statistical01_en.htm Key figures of science, technology and innovation]
* [http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-AE-07-001/EN/KS-AE-07-001-EN.PDF Science, technology and innovation in Europe]
ee also
* European Research Area
* Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development
* Lisbon Strategy
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