Madelung synthesis

Madelung synthesis

The Madelung synthesis is a chemical reaction that produces (substituted or unsubstituted) indoles by the intramolecular cyclization of N-phenylamides using strong base at high temperature.

This method is essentially confined to the preparation of 2-alkinylindoles (not easily accessible through electrophile aromatic substitution) because of the vigorous reaction conditions.

References

* Madelung, W.; "Ber." 1912, "45", 1128.
* Houlihan, W. J. "et al."; "J. Org. Chem." 1981, "46", 4511, 4515.


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