École des Beaux-Arts

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The origins of the school go back to 1648 when the "Académie des Beaux-Arts" was founded by Cardinal Mazarin to educate the most talented students in drawing, painting, sculpture, engraving, architecture and other media. Louis XIV was known to select graduates from the school to decorate the royal apartments at Versailles, and in 1863 Napoléon III granted the school independence from the government, changing the name to "L‘Ecole des Beaux-Arts". Women were admitted beginning in 1897.

The curriculum was divided into the "Academy of Painting and Sculpture" and the "Academy of Architecture", but both programs focused on classical arts and architecture from Ancient Greek and Roman culture. All students were required to prove their skills with basic drawing tasks before advancing to figure drawing and painting. This culminated in a competition for the "Grand Prix de Rome", awarding a full scholarship to study in Rome. The three trials to obtain the prize lasted for nearly three months [http://www.culture.gouv.fr/ENSBA/trials.html ] . Many of the most famous artists in Europe were trained here, to name but a few, they include Géricault, Degas, Delacroix, Fragonard, Ingres, Monet, Moreau, Renoir, Seurat and Sisley.

The buildings of the school are largely the creation of French architect Felix Duban, who undertook the main building in 1830, realigning the campus, and through 1861 completing an architectural program out towards the Quai Malaquias.

The Paris school is the namesake and founding location of the Beaux Arts architectural movement in the early twentieth century. Known for demanding classwork and setting the highest standards for education, the École attracted students from around the world – including the United States, where students returned to design buildings that would influence the history of architecture in America, including the Boston Public Library, 1888-1895 (McKim, Mead & White) and the New York Public Library, 1897-1911 (Carrere and Hastings). Architectural graduates, especially in France, are granted the title "élève".

The architecture department was separated from the École after the May 1968 student strikes at the Sorbonne. The name was changed to "École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts", and now over 500 students make use of an extensive collection of classical art, with modern additions to the curriculum including photography and hypermedia.

Locations:
* Paris: École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts (Ensb-a)
* Dijon: École nationale des beaux arts de Dijon
* Bourges: École nationale des beaux arts de Bourges
* Nancy: École nationale des beaux arts de Nancy
* Lyon: École nationale des beaux arts de Lyon
* Lorient, Rennes, Quimper, Brest: A network of Écoles supérieures des beaux arts in Britany

Famous Instructors - École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts, Paris

* Marina Abramović
* Jean-Michel Alberola
* Pierre Alechinsky
* Louis-Jules André
* Antoine Berjon
* François Boisrond
* Léon Bonnat
* Christian Boltanski
* Duchenne de Boulogne
* Pierre Buraglio
* Jean-Marc Bustamante
* Jean Brasilier
* Alexandre Cabanel
* Pierre Carron
* Robert Chauvin
* Jean-Francois Chevrier
* César
* Claude Closky
* Leonardo Cremonini
* Henri Cueco
* Aimé-Jules Dalou
* Richard Deacon
* Jean-François Debord
* Olivier Debré
* Henri Deglane
* Eugene Duquesne
* Christian Fossier
* Louis Girault
* Julien Guadet
* Fabrice Hybert
* Joël Kermarrec
* Jacques Labro
* Victor Laloux
* Jean-Paul Laurens
* Charles Le Brun
* Charles Lemaresquier
* Noël Lemaresquier
* Lin Fengmian
* Michel Marot
* Annette Messager
* Gustave Moreau
* Pan Yuliang
* Jean-Louis Pascal
* Marc Pataut
* Auguste Perret,
* Abraham Pincas - pincas.net [http://www.pincas.net/] -
* Emmanuel Pontremoli
* Paul Richer
* Jean-Joseph Sue
* Jean-Joseph Sue, son
* Jean-Luc Vilmouth
* Othello Zavaroni

Notable Alumni - École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts, Paris

* Nadir Afonso, painting
* David Clark Allison, architecture, US-American
* Rodolfo Amoedo, painting
* Emile André, architecture, French
* Léon Azéma, architecture
* Théodore Ballu, architecture
* Ana Black, photography, multi-media
* Maurice Boitel, painting
* William-Adolphe Bouguereau, painting
* Aristophane Boulon, design
* Antoine Bourdelle, sculpture, French
* Bernard Buffet, painting
* Mary Cassatt, Painting
* Paul Charbonnier, architecture, French
* Suzor-Coté, painting
* John Walter Cross, architecture, US-American
* Jacques-Louis David, painting
* Gabriel Davioud, architecture
* Olivier Debré, painting
* Edgar Degas, painting, French
* Henri Deglane, architecture, French
* Eugène Delacroix, painting, French
* Constant-Désiré Despradelle, architecture, French
* Félix Duban, architecture, French
* Jean-Honoré Fragonard, painting, French
* Charles Garnier, architecture, French
* Tony Garnier, architecture, French
* Théodore Géricault, painting, French
* Heydar Ghiaï-Chamlou, architecture (Designer of the Iran Senate House ), Iranian
* Louis Girault, architecture, French
* Hubert de Givenchy, fashion design
* André Godard, designer of University of Tehran main campus
* Julien Guadet, architecture
* Jacques Guidot, architecture
* Mary Rockwell Hook, architecture, US-American
* Richard Morris Hunt, architecture, US-American
* Ernst von Ihne, architecture, German
* Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, painting, French
* Victor Laloux, architecture, French
* Victor Louvet, architecture, French
* Albert Louvet, architecture, French
* Stanton Macdonald-Wright, painting, US-American
* Joseph Margulies, artist
* Jean-Baptiste Mathon, architecture
* William Sutherland Maxwell, architecture
* Annette Messager, installation, muti-media
* Claude Monet, painting, French
* Gustave Moreau, painting, French
* Pierre de Montvallon, called Piem, design
* Julia Morgan, architecture, US-American
* Jean-Louis Pascal, architecture
* André Pavlovsky, architecture
* John Russell Pope, architecture, US-American
* Neel Reid, architecture, US-American
* Pierre-Auguste Renoir, painting
* Cécilia Rodhe, sculpture
* Bojan Sarcevic, sculpture
* Joann Sfar, design
* Sisley, painting
* Federico Spadoni, installation, photography, muti-media
* Clarence Stein, design
* Lorado Taft, sculpture
* Albert-Félix-Théophile Thomas, architecture
* Roland Topor, design
* George Oakley Totten, Jr., architecture, US-American
* Guillaume Tronchet, architecture
* Valentino, fashion design
* Carlos Raúl Villanueva, architecture
* Lucien Weissenburger, architecture
* Robert Wlérick, sculpture

ee also

*École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts
*Beaux-Arts architecture
*Académie des beaux-arts
*Paris SalonÉcole des Beaux Arts de Montréal, Canada has merged into the Université du Québec à Montréal

External links

* [http://www.jssgallery.org/Essay/Ecole_des_Beaux-Arts/Ecole_des_Beaux-Arts.htm The Ecole des Beaux-Arts] - Historical essay
* [http://www.ensba.fr École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts] - Official website
* [http://www.culture.gouv.fr/ENSBA/History.html École nationale supérieure des Beaux-arts] - History