Succulent plant

Succulent plant

Succulent plants, also known as succulents or fat plants, are water-retaining plants adapted to arid climate or soil conditions. Succulent plants store water in their leaves, stems and/or roots. The storage of water often gives succulent plants a more swollen or fleshy appearance than other plants, also known as succulence. In addition to succulence, succulent plants variously have other water-saving features. These may include:

* Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) to minimize water loss
* Absent, reduced, or cylindrical to spherical leaves
* reduction in the number of stomata
* stems, rather than leaves, as the main site of photosynthesis
* a compact, reduced, cushion-like, columnar or spherical growth form
* ribs enabling rapid increases in plant volume and decreasing surface area exposed to the sun
* waxy, hairy or spiny outer surface to reduce water loss via the creation of a humid microhabitat around the plant and a reduction in air movement near the surface of the plant.

Many succulents come from the dry areas of the tropics and subtropics, such as steppes, semi-desert and desert. High temperatures and low precipitation force plants to collect and store water in order to survive long dry periods. Succulents also occur as epiphytes, as such they have limited or no contact with the ground, and are dependent on their ability to store water. Succulents also occur as inhabitants of sea coasts, or salt pans which are exposed to high levels of dissolved minerals.

The best known succulents are cacti (family: Cactaceae). Virtually all cacti are succulents, but many succulents are not cacti.

Bold text= Families and genera =

me is best! tjank u# Plant families and genera in which succulent species occur are listed below.
* Agavaceae: "Agave", "Beschorneria", "Chlorophytum", "Furcraea", "Hesperaloe", "Hesperoyucca", "Yucca"
* Aizoaceae: "Acrodon", "Aloinopsis", "Amoebophyllum", "Amphibolia", "Antegibbaeum", "Apatesia", "Aptenia", "Arenifera", "Argyroderma", "Aridaria", "Astridia", "Bergeranthus", "Berrisfordia", "Braunsia", "Brownanthus", "Calamophyllum", "Carpobrotus", "Carruanthus", "Caryotophora", "Cephalophyllum", "Cerochlamys", "Chasmatophyllum", "Cheiridopsis", "Conicosia", "Conophytum", "Cylindrophyllum", "Dactylopsis", "Delosperma", "Dicrocaulon", "Dinteranthus", "Dorotheanthus", "Dracophilus", "Drosanthemum", "Eberlanzia", "Ebracteola", "Ectotropis", "Enarganthe", "Erepsia", "Esterhuysenia", "Eurystigma", "Faucaria", "Fenestraria", "Frithia", "Gibbaeum", "Glottiphyllum", "Halenbergia", "Hereroa", "Herrea", "Herreanthus", "Hydrodea", "Hymenogyne", "Imitaria", "Jacobsenia", "Juttadinteria", "Kensitia", "Khadia", "Lampranthus", "Lapidaria", "Leipoldtia", "Lithops", "Machairophyllum", "Malephora", "Maughaniella", "Mesembryanthemum", "Mestoklama", "Meyerophytum", "Micropterum", "Mimetophytum", "Mitrophyllum", "Monilaria", "Muiria", "Namaquanthus", "Namibia", "Nanathus", "Nelia", "Neohenricia", "Neorhine", "Nycteranthus", "Octopoma", "Odontophorus", "Oophytum", "Ophthalmophyllum", "Orthopterum", "Oscularia", "Ottosonderia", "Pherelobus", "Platythyra", "Pleiospilos", "Polymita", "Prenia", "Psammophora", "Psicaulon", "Rabiea", "Rhinephyllum", "Rhombophyllum", "Ruschia", "Ruschianthemum", "Ruschianthus", "Saphesia", "Sceletium", "Schwantesia", "Scopologena", "Semnanthe", "Skiatophytum", "Smicrostigma", "Sphalmanthus", "Stayneria", "Stomatium", "Synaptophyllum", "Titanopsis", "Trichodiadema", "Vanheerea", "Vanzijlia", "Wooleya", "Zeuktophyllum"
* Amaranthaceae: "Arthraerva", "Salicornia"
* Amaryllidaceae: "Boophane", "Brunsvigia", "Cyrtanthus", "Haemanthus", "Rauhia"
* Anacardiaceae: "Operculicaria", "Pachycormus"
* Apiaceae: "Steganotaenia"
* Apocynaceae: "Adenium", "Mandevilla", "Pachypodium", "Plumeria"
** subfamily Asclepiadoideae (syn. Asclepiadaceae): "Absolmsia", "Asclepias", "Aspidoglossum", "Aspidonepsis", "Baynesia", "Brachystelma", "Caralluma", "Ceropegia", "Cibirhiza", "Cynanchum", "Dischidia", "Dischidiopsis", "Duvalia", "Duvaliandra", "Echidnopsis", "Edithcolea", "Fanninia", "Fockea", "Glossostelma", "Hoodia", "Hoya", "Huernia", "Huerniopsis", "Ischnolepis", "Larryleachia", "Lavrania", "Marsdenia", "Matelea", "Miraglossum", "Notechidnopsis", "Odontostelma", "Ophionella", "Orbea", "Orbeanthus", "Pachycarpus", "Pectinaria", "Petopentia", "Piaranthus", "Pseudolithos", "Quaqua", "Raphionacme", "Rhytidocaulon", "Riocreuxia", "Sarcorrhiza", "Sarcostemma", "Schizoglossum", "Schlechterella", "Stapelia", "Stapelianthus", "Stapeliopsis", "Stathmostelma", "Stenostelma", "Stomatostemma", "Tavaresia", "Trachycalymma", "Tridentea", "Tromotriche", "White-sloanea", "Xysmalobium"
* Araceae: "Zamioculcas"
* Araliaceae: "Cussonia"
* Asparagaceae: "Myrsiphyllum"
* Asphodelaceae: "Aloe", "Astroloba", "Bulbine", "Chortolirion", "Gasteria", "Haworthia", "Poellnitzia", Trachyandra"
* Asteraceae: "Baeriopsis", "Coulterella", "Crassocephalum", "Didelta", "Gynura", "Osteospermum", "Othonna", "Polyachyrus", "Pteronia", "Senecio"
* Balsaminaceae: "Impatiens"
* Basellaceae: "Anredera", "Basella"
* Begoniaceae: "Begonia"
* Bombacaceae: "Adansonia", "Cavanillesia", "Ceiba", "Pseudobombax"
* Brassicaceae: "Heliophila", "Lepidium"
* Bromeliaceae: "Abromeitiella"
* Burseraceae: "Boswellia", "Bursera", "Commiphora"
* Cactaceae: "Acanthocalycium", "Acanthocereus", "Ariocarpus", "Armatocereus", "Arrojadoa", "Arthrocereus", "Astrophytum", "Austrocactus", "Aztekium", "Bergerocactus", "Blossfeldia", "Brachycereus", "Browningia", "Brasilicereus", "Calymmanthium", "Carnegiea", "Cephalocereus", "Cephalocleistocactus", "Cereus", "Cintia", "Cipocereus", "Cleistocactus", "Coleocephalocereus", "Copiapoa", "Corryocactus", "Coryphantha", "Dendrocereus", "Denmoza", "Discocactus", "Disocactus", "Echinocactus", "Echinocereus", "Echinopsis", "Epiphyllum", "Epithelantha", "Eriosyce", "Escobaria", "Escontria", "Espostoa", "Espostoopsis", "Eulychnia", "Facheiroa", "Ferocactus", "Frailea", "Geohintonia", "Gymnocalycium", "Haageocereus", "Harrisia", "Hatiora", "Hylocereus", "Jasminocereus", "Lasiocereus", "Leocereus", "Lepismium", "Leptocereus", "Leuchtenbergia", "Lophophora", "Maihuenia", "Malacocarpus", "Mammillaria", "Mammilloydia", "Matucana", "Melocactus", "Micranthocereus", "Mila", "Monvillea", "Myrtillocactus", "Neobuxbaumia", "Neolloydia", "Neoraimondia", "Neowerdermannia", "Obregonia", "Opuntia", "Oreocereus", "Oroya", "Ortegocactus", "Pachycereus", "Parodia", "Pediocactus", "Pelecyphora", "Peniocereus", "Pereskia", "Pereskiopsis", "Pilosocereus", "Polaskia", "Praecereus", "Pseudoacanthocereus", "Pseudorhipsalis", "Pterocactus", "Pygmaeocereus", "Quiabentia", "Rauhocereus", "Rebutia", "Rhipsalis", "Samaipaticereus", "Schlumbergera", "Sclerocactus", "Selenicereus", "Stenocactus", "Stenocereus", "Stephanocereus", "Stetsonia", "Strombocactus", "Tacinga", "Thelocactus", "Turbinicarpus", "Uebelmannia", "Weberbauerocereus", "Weberocereus", "Yungasocereus"
* Campanulaceae: "Brighamia"
* Capparidaceae: "Maerua"
* Caricaceae: "Carica", "Jacarathia"
* Chenopodiaceae
* Cochlospermaceae
* Commelinaceae: "Aneilema", "Callisia", "Cyanotis", "Tradescantia", "Tripogandra"
* Convolvulaceae: "Ipomea", "Sictocardia", "Turbina"
* Crassulaceae: "Adromischus", "Aeonium", "Afrovivella", "Aichryson", "Cotyledon", "Crassula", "Cremnophila", "Cremnosedum", "Dudleya", "Echeveria", "Graptopetalum", "Hylotelephium", "Hypagophytum", "Kalanchoe", "Lenophyllum", "Meterostachys", "Monanthes", "Orostachys", "Pachyphytum", "Perrierosedum", "Phedimus", "Pistorinia", "Prometheum", "Pseudosedum", "Rhodiola", "Rosularia", "Sedella", "Sedum", "Sempervivum", "Sinocrassula", "Thompsonella", "Tacitus", "Tylecodon", "Umbilicus", "Villadia"
* Cucurbitaceae: "Apodanthera", "Brandegea", "Cephalopentandra", "Ceratosanthes", "Citrullus", "Coccinia", "Corallocarpus", "Cucumella", "Cucumis", "Cucurbita", "Cyclantheropsis", "Dendrosicyos", "Doyera", "Eureindra", "Fevillea", "Gerrandanthus", "Gynostemma", "Halosicyos", "Ibervilla", "Kedostris", "Marah", "Momordica", "Neoalsomitra", "Odosicyos", "Parasicyos", "Syrigia", "Telfairia", "Trochomeria", "Trochomeriopsis", "Tumamoca", "Xerosicyos", "Zehneria", "Zygosicyos"
* Didiereaceae: "Alluaudia", "Alluaudiopsis", "Decaria", "Didierea"
* Dioscoreaceae: "Dioscorea"
* Doryanthaceae: "Doryanthes"
* Ericaceae: "Sphyrospermum"
* Eriospermaceae: "Eriospermum"
* Euphorbiaceae: "Cnidoscolus", "Euphorbia", "Jatropha"
* Fabaceae: "Delonix", "Dolichos", "Erythrina", "Neorautanenia", "Pachyrhizus", "Tylosema"
* Fouquieriaceae: "Fouquieria"
* Geraniaceae: "Monsonia", "Pelargonium"
* Gesneriaceae: "Aeschynanthus", "Alsobia", "Chirita", "Codonanthe", "Columnea", "Nematanthus", "Sinningia", "Streptocarpus"
* Hyacinthaceae: "Albuca", "Bowiea", "Dipcadi", "Drimia", "Hyacinthus", "Lachenalia", "Ledebouria", "Litanthus", "Massonia", "Ornithogalum", "Rhadamanthus", "Rhodocodon", "Schizobasis", "Urginea", "Whiteheadia"
* Icacinaceae: "Pyrenacantha"
* Lamiaceae: "Aeollanthus", "Dauphinea", "Perrierastrum", "Plectranthus", "Solenostemon", "Tetradenia", "Thorncroftia"
* Lentibulariaceae
* Loasaceae: "Schismocarpus"
* Loranthaceae: "Tapinanthus"
* Melastomataceae: "Medinilla"
* Meliaceae: "Entandrophragma"
* Menispermaceae: "Chasmanthera", "Stephania", "Tinospora"
* Moraceae: "Dorstenia", "Ficus"
* Moringaceae: "Moringa"
* Nolanaceae: "Nolana"
* Nolinaceae: "Beaucarnea", "Calibanus", "Dasylirion", "Nolina"
* Orchidaceae subfamily " Epidendroideae" "Phalaenopsis"
* Oxalidaceae: "Oxalis"
* Passifloraceae: "Adenia"
* Pedaliaceae: "Pterodiscus", "Sesamothamnus", "Uncarina"
* Phyllanthaceae: "Phyllanthus"
* Phytolaccaceae: Phytolacca
* Piperaceae: "Peperomia"
* Portulacaceae: "Amphipetalum", "Anacampseros", "Avonia", "Calyptrotheca", "Ceraria", "Cistanthe", "Dendroportulaca", "Grahamia", "Lewisia", "Parakeelya", "Portulaca", "Portulacaria", "Schreiteria", "Talinella", "Talinum"
* Rubiaceae: "Anthorrhiza", "Hydnophythum", "Hydrophylax", "Myrmecodia", "Myrmephythum", "Phylohydrax", "Squamellaria"
* Ruscaceae: "Cordyline", "Dracaena", "Sansevieria"
* Sapindaceae: "Erythrophysa"
* Saxifragaceae
* Sterculiaceae: "Brachychiton", "Sterculia"
* Urticaceae: "Laportea", "Obertia", "Pilea", "Sarcopilea"
* Viscaceae: "Viscum"
* Vitaceae: "Cissus", "Cyphostemma"
* Xanthorrhoeaceae: "Xanthorrhoea"
* Zygophyllaceae

For some families, most members are succulent; for example the Cactaceae, Agavaceae, Aizoaceae, and Crassulaceae.

The table below shows the number of succulent species found in some families:

ee also

*Cactus and Succulent Society of America


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • succulent plant — n. plant having fleshy leaves or stems that store water …   English contemporary dictionary

  • succulent — ► ADJECTIVE 1) (of food) tender, juicy, and tasty. 2) Botany (of a plant) having thick fleshy leaves or stems adapted to storing water. ► NOUN Botany ▪ a succulent plant. DERIVATIVES succulence noun succulently adverb …   English terms dictionary

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  • succulent — succulence, succulency, n. succulently, adv. /suk yeuh leuhnt/, adj. 1. full of juice; juicy. 2. rich in desirable qualities. 3. affording mental nourishment. 4. (of a plant) having fleshy and juicy tissues. n. 5. a succulent pl …   Universalium

  • Succulent Karoo — The Succulent Karoo is a desert ecoregion of South Africa and Namibia.ettingThe Succulent Karoo stretches along the coastal strip of southwestern Namibia and South Africa s Northern Cape Province, where the cold Benguela Current offshore creates… …   Wikipedia

  • succulent — 1 adjective 1 juicy and delicious: a succulent steak 2 technical a succulent plant has thick soft leaves or stems that can hold a lot of liquid succulence noun (U) 2 noun (C) technical a succulent plant such as a cactus …   Longman dictionary of contemporary English

  • succulent — I UK [ˈsʌkjʊlənt] / US [ˈsʌkjələnt] adjective 1) succulent meat, fruit etc is full of juice and tastes good a succulent hamburger 2) biology succulent plants have thick stems or leaves that store a lot of water II UK [ˈsʌkjʊlənt] / US… …   English dictionary

  • succulent — suc|cu|lent1 [ sʌkjələnt ] adjective 1. ) succulent meat, fruit, etc. is full of juice and tastes good: a succulent hamburger 2. ) TECHNICAL succulent plants have thick stems or leaves that store a lot of water succulent suc|cu|lent 2 [ sʌkjələnt …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • succulent — I. adjective Etymology: Latin suculentus, from sucus juice, sap; perhaps akin to Latin sugere to suck more at suck Date: 1601 1. a. full of juice ; juicy b. moist and tasty ; toothsome < a succu …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • succulent — adjective 1》 (of food) tender, juicy, and tasty. 2》 Botany (of a plant, especially a xerophyte) having thick fleshy leaves or stems adapted to storing water. noun Botany a succulent plant. Derivatives succulence noun succulently adverb Origin C17 …   English new terms dictionary

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