Vincenzo Casillo

Vincenzo Casillo (? - January 29, 1983) was an Italian Camorrista and the second in command of the Nuova Camorra Organizzata (NCO), a Camorra organization in Naples. His nickname was "'o Nirone" (The Big Black).

Biography

econd in Command

He was one of the earliest members of the NCO, since its formation in 1970. Casillo was highly trusted and soon rose to become the deputy and main military chief of crime boss, Raffaele Cutolo, during the period when he was imprisoned in the prisons of Poggioreale and Ascoli Piceno.Jacquemet, "Credibility in Court", pp. 35]

Purported involvement in the Roberto Calvi murder

In June 1996, the Sicilian Mafia pentito, Francesco Di Carlo claimed that Vincenzo Casillo together with another Camorrista, Sergio Vaccari were responsible for the murder of Roberto Calvi, the chairman of Banco Ambrosiano who was dubbed the "God's Banker". [" [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/core/Content/displayPrintable.jhtml?xml=/news/2005/12/11/wmafia11.xml&site=5&page=0 Mafia wanted me to kill Calvi, says jailed gangster] ", Daily Telegraph, December 10, 2005.] Casillo once confessed to murdering the bankrupt financier to Enrico Madonna, Cutolo's lawyer. Madonna was later murdered in October 1993, three days after telling a journalist that he was willing to tell a parliamentary commission all he knew about the Cirillo kidnapping affair.Behan, "The Camorra", pp. 101]

Negotiator in the Cirillo Kidnapping

Casillo also played an active role in negotiating the release of the Christian Democrat (DC) politician Ciro Cirillo, who had been kidnapped by the Red Brigades on April 27, 1981. He managed to do so, inspite of being a wanted man at the time.Willan, "Puppetmasters", p. 318]

Assassination

On January 29, 1983, Casillo was murdered by a car bomb planted under the pedal of his car, next to the SISMI Forte Boccea in Rome. Pasquale Galasso, chief of the Galasso clan and member of the rival Nuova Famiglia headed by Carmine Alfieri, was responsible for the blast. This was one of the first times that a Camorra clan had used this kind of technique to dispose of a rival. Behan, "The Camorra", pp. 108]

Galasso claimed that he killed Casillo in order to free Antonio Gava and other Christian democrats from Cutolo's threats. In a meeting held in April 1982, nine months after the kidnapping, Vincenzo Casillo reportedly told Giuliano Granata, the DC mayor who had taken part with him in the negotiations: "you did what you wanted and then washed your hands."Behan, "The Camorra", pp. 107]

According to Galasso who later became a pentito, the reasons for his murder were::"First of all, to make it clear to Cutolo that he was finished, and that for once and for all he had to stop blackmailing the politicians and the institutions he had dealt with during the Cirillo affair. It is also beyond doubt that through that action Alfieri wanted to demonstrate to the politicians, mainly to the Dorotea faction and perhaps to Antonio Gava in particular, that he had to be reckoned with. The car bomb was therefore intended to demonstrate Alfieri's real importance."

Although there are some rumors that Cutolo ordered Casillo killed because he had taken Cutolo's part of the Cirillo ransom, Cutolo has stated that he was wary of the untrustworthiness of the politicians and claims to have warned Casillo after the kidnapping:

:"It was me who told Casillo to keep documentary evidence of the meetings he had with these people, whom I didn't trust because all they do is sell hope by the ton to the poor people, and then, when things don't work as they expected or when they've got what they wanted, they cast you adrift.Behan, "The Camorra", pp. 100]

The fact that a secret service card that could be used by Casillo was found in his burnt-out car lends some credibility to the scenario that his death might have been linked to the Cirillo kidnapping.

Aftermath

Casillo's death was one of the many factors that brought about the downfall of the NCO. It represented a turning point in the relationship between the local politicians and the Camorra. After his death, it was clear Cutolo not only had lost his political protection but the war as well. His former political protectors turned and provided their support to his main rival Carmine Alfieri. Many other Camorra gangs understood the shift in the balance of power caused by the death of Casillo. They abandoned the NCO and allied themselves with Alfieri.Behan, "See Naples and Die", pp. 151-54]

As the Anti-Mafia commission once wrote: "From that moment (Casillo's death in 1983) until today, Alfieri and his men were able to stain Campania with blood and obtain large slices of the reconstruction cake; for a long time they would also constitute an uncontested effective government in large areas of the region."

On the turning point that had been reached with Casillo's murder, Galasso stated in court: "As far as i can recall, that is the only crime we talked about in euphoric terms. Alfieri embraced the assassin and congratulated him for the courage he had shown; i know that he later gave him a Rolex."Behan, "The Camorra", pp. 108]

The assassination of Casillo was followed by the murders of several NCO members by the Nuova Famiglia. Casillo's partner disappeared a few weeks after his death, and her body was eventually found in a ditch under a motorway in December 1983. Nicola Nuzzo, a key NCO member involved in the negotiations was battered to death in the ward of a Roman hospital in 1986, soon after a meeting with an investigating magistrate, Carlo Alemi. Salvatore Imperatrice, Casillo's bodyguard and also a member of the NCO negotiating team, died mysteriously in jail in March 1989. Mario Cuomo, who lost his legs in the explosion that killed Casillo, was eventually murdered in October 1990.

References

*Behan, Tom (1996). "The Camorra", London: Routledge, ISBN 0-415-09987-0
*cite book|first=Tom|last=Behan|title= [http://books.google.com/books?id=aepiCW44eEkC&dq See Naples and Die: The Camorra and Organized Crime] |publisher=Taurus Publishers|location=London/New York|year=2002
*Willan, Philip (1991), "Puppetmasters: The Political Use of Terrorism in Italy", London: Constable and Company ISBN 0-09-470590-9