- Puy d'Arras
The Puy d'Arras, called in its own day the Puy Notre-Dame, was a medieval poetical society formed in
Arras for holding contests betweentrouvère s and "pour maintenir amour et joie" (for maintaining love and joy, i.e. thecourtly love lyric). The term "puy" isOld French for "place of eminence", fromLatin "podium ". The president of the Puy, elected annually, was titled the "Prince du Puy", and he presided over the competitions, which were decided by panels of judges. The Puy was under the nominal patronage of theVirgin Mary , referred to as "Notre Dame du Puy d'Arras". Other "puys" under her patronage were founded atAmiens ,Boulogne ,Caen ,Évreux , andRouen .The Puy is less well-documented than the contemporary
Confrérie des jongleurs et bourgeois d'Arras , and the two are sometimes conflated. [Mary O'Neill (2006), "Courtly Love Songs of Medieval France: Transmission and Style in the Trouvère Repertoire" (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 133, and Christine Jacob-Hugon (1998), "L'œuvre jongleresque de Jean Bodel: L'art de séduire un public" (De Boeck Université), 27, distinguish them.] The statutes of the Puy d'Arras do not survive, only the later ones of thePuy d'Amiens from 1471 shed any light on the nature of laws of the "puys". The Puy d'Arras was, unlike the Confrérie, neither social nor religious in conception. It was the creation of the urban patriciate, the wealthy and noble, plus some others, possibly those excluded from the Confrérie, who determined to maintain the courtly tradition. [Jacob-Hugon, 28.] The Puy was thus more conservative than the Confrérie.The poets
Andrieu Contredit d'Arras andJean de Renti (criticisingly) make mention of it and its contests.Jean Bretel mentions it in his works and he is recorded elsewhere as having served a term as Prince.Robert Sommeillon was also a Prince. Undoubtedly the highest personage to attend the Puy's festivals wasTheobald I of Navarre . The high standing of the Puy is evidenced in the thirteenth-century poem "Dit artésien ". [O'Neill, 133 and notes 3–5, contains several references to the sources for the Puy.]By the nature of its activities, one of the favoured verse forms of the Puy was the "
jeu parti ". Women could also participate in the Puy, both as contestants, audience members, and as judges. It has been suggested that thechansonnier known as trouvère manuscript "R", which contains no musical notation and is rather unornamented, was compiled from oral performance at the Puy d'Arras. [O'Neill, citing Johan Schubert, 27.]Notes
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