Joseph Philbrick Webster

Joseph Philbrick Webster, also known as J.P. Webster (March 22, 1819 - January 10, 1875), was an American songwriter and composer most notable for his musical compositions during the Antebellum and American Civil War periods of United States history, and his post-war religious hymms.

Amongst his most notable works are the ballad "Lorena" (1857), often considered the most popular song of the American Civil War (on both sides) cite episode
title = The Civil War - A film by Ken Burns
episodelink = http://www.pbs.org/civilwar/film/music.html
series = The Civil War
serieslink = http://www.pbs.org/civilwar/film/
airdate = September 1990
season =
number = 1] , and "In the Sweet By and By" (1868), one of the most well known Christian hymms in American history.

Life & Works

J.P. Webster was born in Manchester, New Hampshire on 22 March 1819. From an early age he expressed an interest and talent in music, going on to study with distinguished composers such as Lowell Mason and George James Webb,cite web
last = Tubb
first = Benjamin Robert
authorlink =
coauthors =
title = The Music of Joseph Philbrick Webster
work =
publisher =
date = April 2008
url = http://www.pdmusic.org/webster.html
format = HTML
doi =
accessdate = 30 July 2008] including a three year course of study beginning in 1840 in Boston.cite web
last = Wisconsin Hisorical Society
first =
authorlink =
coauthors =
title = Term: Webster, Joseph Philbrick 1819 - 1875
work = Dictionary of Wisconsin biography
publisher = Wisconsin Hisorical Society
date =
url = http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/dictionary/index.asp?action=view&term_id=1654&term_type_id=1&term_type_text=People&letter=W
format = HTML
doi =
accessdate = 30 July 2008] Afterwards he travelled extensively throughout the Eastern United States as a concert singer, including notable stays in New York and Madison, Indiana, where he performed with the famous "Swedish Nightingale" Jenny Lind, as her pianist. After years of travel, Webster eventually settled in Racine, Wisconsin.

Sometime before 1859 Webster developed what was commonly called "Lake Michigan Throat", a severe form of bronchitis, forcing him to abandon his singing career and move himself, and by then a wife and children, further south and away from the lake to Elkhorn, Wisconsin. No longer having the strength in his voice for singing, Webster turned his attention to composing music. This was a passion that would produce over 1000 songs, including music for ballads, hymns, patriotic drama, and a cantata.

During the Civil War years Webster taught and composed a variety of songs related to the war. He also participated as a drill sergeant for the Elkhorn "Wide Awakes", who's role was to act as the local home guard. As the war began to close, Webster returned his focus to writing ballads and hymms. About this time he also opened what was considered a "respectable saloon", which attracted young literary men of the town with which he would have future musical colloborations. One of these young men was Sanford Fillmore Bennett, who would later write the lyrics for "In the Sweet By and By".

Webster remained in Elkhorn until his death on 10 January, 1875, at the age of 56. He is buried at the Hazel Ridge Cemetery in Elkhorn, where his epitaph reads, "Joseph P. Webster. In the Sweet By and By We Shall Meet". His former residence is now the home of the Walworth County Historical Society, which acts as a museum to both Webster and thousands of Civil War era antiques and unique items.

References