Sullana

Infobox City
official_name = Sullana
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image_shield = sin escudo.svg
shield_size = 80px
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mapsize = 200px
map_caption = Location in Peru
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subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = Peru
subdivision_type1 = Region
subdivision_name1 = Piura
subdivision_type2 = Province
subdivision_name2 = Sullana
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established_title = Founded
established_date = July 8 1783
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population_as_of = 2005
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population_note = estimate
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population_total = 162500
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timezone = PET
utc_offset = -5
timezone_DST = PET
utc_offset_DST = -5
latd = 4
latm = 54
lats =
latNS = S
longd = 80
longm = 31
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longEW = W
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Sullana is the name of the capital of the Sullana Province, in the north-western coastal plains of Peru on the Chira valley.

Location

Sullana is located at 04°53' south latitude and 80°41' west longitude, 38 km north of Piura, the capital of the region.

Climate

The province has a tropical savanna climate and an average temperature of 27°C degrees. The minimum temperature is 16 °C and the maximum temperature is 38 °C (can go over 42 °C mark if the El Ni%C3%B1o phenomenon is present).

The city is irriganted by the waters of the Chira River, the area around the capital city of Sullana is very fertile and there is much lush, tropical vegetation: Coconut palm trees, banana trees, paddy fields, etc. Sullana is an important commercial centre in one of Peru's major cotton-growing areas, along with the San Martin Region and the smaller Tumbes Region. A new sugar cane plantation has been planted nearby by Maple Ethanol for ethanol production.

Population

Migration to Sullana has been intensive, but "pueblos jóvenes" (shanty towns) are neither widespread nor conspicuous, as they are in Piura for example.The total population in Sullana was 112,770 in 1981, 147,361 in 1993 and circa 162,500 in 2005.In Sullana more than 40% of the heads of household are unemployed or have only occasional employment.

History

The Chira valley has always been an important farming area. Before the Spanish Invasion, ethnic groups like the Tallanes, the Mochicas, the Chimu, and finally the Incas had settled here. This region was chosen by the Spaniards to found their first city in this part of the Americas, San Miguel de Tangarara, on July 15, 1532. The Spaniards changed the native farming system and created Repartimientos and Encomiendas.

Sullana was founded late in the 18th century, on July 8, 1783, by Bishop Baltazar Jaime Martinez de Compañon y Bufanda and given the name of "El Principe" (The Prince).

Tourism

Sullana has good bus connections to the north, to Piura in the south, as well as inland to Ayabaca and to La Tina on the Ecuadorian border.In the first week of January the Feria Internacional de los Reyes is celebrated. The Poechos reservoir 27 km from the city offers water sports like water skiing, motor-boating, fishing and swimming.