Andres de la Tovilla

Andrés de la Tovilla, (1513 - 1554) was a Spanish "conquistador" and soldier in the Americas. He was born about 1513 in Cazorla, Spain. He is most remembered as a participant in the expedition to Mexico (1520) led by Panfilo de Narváez and the expedition for the conquest of Guatemala (1524-1525) commissioned by Hernán Cortés. He, along with Diego de Mazariegos, founded the City of “"Villareal de Chiapa de los Españoles"”, now San Cristobal, Chiapas, Mexico, in 1528 as a regional base for the conquest of Guatemala.

Expedition to Mexico

Tovilla was a soldier trained in Italy who came with Panfilo de Narváez to fight Hernán Cortés in Mexico in 1520. He joined Cortés' side and after Narváez was defeated, in Zempoala, Veracruz on May 24, 1520, he participated in the conquest of Mexico. It was prior to the defeat of Narváez that Andrés de la Tovilla arranged weaponry consisting of indigenous spears, longer than the Spanish spears, where the copper and stone sharp blades were changed with iron knifes instead; plus he gathered 2,000 chinantecas indians, who joined Cortés and fought against Narváez in Zempoala. [("The Discovery and Conquest of Mexico 1517-1521", Bernal Díaz del Castillo, Translated by A.P. Mausdlay, DaCapo Press)http://books.google.ca/books?id=73n7RMJa5w0C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Andres+Tovilla+Guatemala+conquest&sig=ACfU3U30DZyTjJTgMaTbFG8onYfCMMY6zQ&source=gbs_similarbooks_r&cad=1_2#PPA476,M1] (Díaz del Castillo, Bernal [1632] (1963). The Conquest of New Spain, J. M. Cohen (trans.), 6th printing (1973), Penguin Classics, Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-044123-9. OCLC 162351797).

Expedition to Guatemala

After several attempts for the conquest of Guatemala, in 1525, Hernán Cortés sent Diego de Mazariegos and Andrés de la Tovilla, along a group of 150 foot soldiers and forty horses to complete the conquest. Mazariegos, Tovilla and others signed the establishment of the first Spanish city in the Guatemala region in 1528, known first “"Villareal de Chiapa de los Españoles"”, later known as "Ciudad Real" and presently known as "San Cristobal de las Casas". During the independence of Guatemala, the northern portion remained within Mexico and is now part of the State of Chiapas, Mexico. [("Architecture and Urbanization in Colonial Chiapas, Mexico", Sindney David Markman)http://books.google.ca/books?id=_AQNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA5&lpg=PA5&dq=Mazariegos+Guatemala+conquest&source=web&ots=dKVtfi356j&sig=KHwAr8LcL51NwKp4Kq9uOw91Sro&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=result#PPA41,M1]

Jewish Immigration to the Americas

In a research paper written by Eva Alexandra Uchmany, there is documented evidence of Jewish fleeing the Spanish Inquisition immigrated to the West Indies. Although Charles I, King of Spain, in 1522 prohibited converted Jews, New Christians, to embark to the West Indies, many did. Most of the conquistadores and royal officials disobeyed this prohibition because they needed to staff their armies. Many New Christian who fled to the West Indies before 1522 concealed their origins by changing their identities in order to appear as Old Christians. According to Uchmany, the names of the conquerors and colonizers in Chiapas coincide, in their totality, with the names of those sentenced by the Inquisition in Ciudad Real, Spain (in the 15th century Ciudad Real became the seat of the Inquisition tribunal, later it moved a few km east to Toledo). The children of those sentenced were sent far away at the corners of the Spanish Empire, as New Christians.("The Participation of New Christians and Crypto-Jews in the Conquest, Colonization and Trade of Spanish America, 1521-1660", Eva Alexandra Uchmany, The Jews and the Expansion of Europe to the West, 1450-1800, European Expansion and Global Interaction, Volume 2, Eva Alexandra, Edited by Paolo Bernardini and Norman Fiering) http://books.google.ca/books?id=m0JAGMuePO0C&pg=PA186&lpg=PA186&dq=Eva+Alexandra+Uchmany&source=web&ots=9YPPq3Af37&sig=ucRXXxhfg9p-r2JO68slckdR_Tg&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=5&ct=result#PPA190,M1The young age of Andres de la Tovilla at his arrival with Narváez suggests some reasoning why he was a New Christian child recruited as soldier with Narváez army, and also why he remained with Mazariegos, and settled in San Cristobal de las Casas. He married María de Pineda about 1536 in Ciudad Real, Chiapas, Mexico. (The Carfra Pivaral Family of Canada & Guatemala, http://www.islandnet.com/~carlaw/pafg41.htm#1079).