Pierre Lorillard II

] | resting_place_coordinates = | residence = | nationality = | other_names = | known_for = tobacco manufacturer| education = | employer = | occupation = | title = | salary = | networth = | height = | weight = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | boards = | religion = | spouse =Maria Dorothea Schultz| partner = | children = five
*Maria Dorothea Lorillard, b. 1790
*Catherine Lorillard, b. 1792
*Pierre Lorillard III, b. 1796
*Dorothea Anne Lorillard, b. 1798
*Eleanor Eliza Lorillard, b. 1801

parents = Pierre Abraham Lorillard
Catherine Moor | relatives =Pierre Lorillard IV, grandson |
| website = | footnotes =

Pierre Lorillard II, also known as Pierre (Peter) Lorillard Jr., was an American tobacco manufacturer, industrialist, banker, businessman, and real estate tycoon. [ Myers, p. 196, "Thus, when Pierre Lorillard, a New York snuff maker, banker, and landholder, died in 1843, his fortune of $1,000,000 or so, was considered so unusual that the word "millionaire", newly-coined, was initialized in the rounds of the press."] cite web|url= http://www.thepeerage.com/p17525.htm#i175242|title= A genealogical survey of the peerage of Britain as well as the royal families of Europe|accessdate= 2008-07-18]

Biography

Lorillard was born on September 7, 1764, in New York. He was the son of Pierre Abraham Lorillard and Catherine Moore. He married Maria Dorothea Schultz in 1788 and they had five children. They lived at 521 Broadway in Manhattan.

Lorillard's father, also known as 'Pierre Lorillard I', was the founder of the Lorillard Tobacco Company. cite web|url= http://www.nycgovparks.org/sub_your_park/historical_signs/hs_historical_sign.php?id=6253|title= New York City Department of Parks & Recreation|accessdate= 2008-07-18] Lorillard's father made the first American tobacco fortune by developing a tobacco firm that he started in 1760. Originally the business was a snuff-grinding factory located in a rented house in lower Manhattan. It was called "Lorillard's Snuff and Tobacco" company and sometimes, the name was abbreviated as, "J. Lorillard". Later the firm moved to a better location that was on the Bronx River. Lorillard II took over and continued to manage and operate the family business after his father's death in 1776.

Lorillard was a prominent citizen of Manhattan. One New Yorker wrote of him, concerning a prison break and the old jail bell and its peculiar sound, cquote|"I remember its sounding for a break-out by the prisoners, about the year 1800. Old Peter Lorillard, the tobacconist, was shot by a prisoner whom he tried to arrest. It was some months before he recovered. cite web|url= http://www.usgennet.org/usa/ny/state/fire/1-10/ch5pt1.html|title= History of the Fire Department of the City of New York|accessdate= 2008-07-18] "

ocial clubs

Lorillard II was a member of social clubs, one being a fox-hunting club called the Meadow Brook Hunt Country Club and another as the Narragansett Gun Club. [Whitney, p. 318] He often is associated with Tuxedo Park, sometimes called the first American country club, since between 1802 and 1812 he purchased the first tracts of land upon which it later would be developed. [Dictionary of American Biography, American Council of Learned Societies 1933, p. 412] The village and the surrounding area were developed in 1886 by his grandson, Pierre Lorillard IV, as a resort for socially prominent people and was named a "country club". The forerunner for the concept was founded earlier, however, in 1882 at Brookline, Massachusetts at "The Country Club", Chestnut Hill. cite web|url= http://www.jmisc.net/octo/octo-20.htm|title= Reminiscences of New York by an Octogenarian (1816 - 1860)|accessdate= 2008-07-19] A newspaper reporter then writing his obituary tried to describe an extremely wealthy American and used the relatively new word, "millionaire". Larrabee, p. 239] cite web|url= http://books.google.com/books?id=qUfosR3PMQoC&pg=PA129&dq=millionaire+Peter+lorillard&sig=ACfU3U2WK-5NicrNl7Tk4IMhNQluXMQsSA|title= History in Asphalt: The Origin of Bronx Street and Place Names, page 129|accessdate= 2008-07-18] cite web|url= http://books.google.com/books?id=zGLxiFpFWKcC&pg=PA145&dq=millionaire+Peter+lorillard&sig=ACfU3U0FEOdlcKTJRQUf8Oij6_VB744xuw|title= Wealth and Poverty in America: A Reader By Dalton Conley, page 145|accessdate= 2008-07-18] cite web|url= http://books.google.com/books?id=-JIFAAAAMAAJ&q=millionaire+Peter+lorillard&dq=millionaire+Peter+lorillard&pgis=1|title= Dynamics of Community Change: The Case of Long Island's Declining "Gold Coast" By Dennis P. Sobin , page 34|accessdate= 2008-07-18]

While the word "millionaire" had been in use since 1816, [cite web|url=http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/00309741?single=1&query_type=word&queryword=millionaire&first=1&max_to_show=10|title=Millionaire (n and adj)|work=Oxford English Dictionary|accessdate=2008-07-20|format=available online to subscribers but also available in print | quote="1816 BYRON Let. 23 June (1976) V. 80 He is still worth at least 50-000 pds{em}being what is called here [sc. Evian] a ‘Millionaire’ that is in Francs & such Lilliputian coinage. 1826 B. DISRAELI Vivian Grey I. ix, Were I the son of a Millionaire, or a noble, I might have all."] apparently it was used for the first time in the United States in 1843 when it was used to describe this wealthy tobacco merchant, although Lorillard was not the first American to own one million dollars worth of property. cite web|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ZLwMAAAAYAAJ&q=millionaire+Peter+lorillard&dq=millionaire+Peter+lorillard&pgis=1|title= Hardy Holzman Pfeiffer Associates: Buildings and Projects 1993-1998 By Jerry E. Patterson, page 119|accessdate= 2008-07-18] cite web|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Ya-EAAAAIAAJ&q=millionaire+Peter+lorillard+John+Jacob+Astor&dq=millionaire+Peter+lorillard+John+Jacob+Astor&pgis=1|title= The Story of Alexander Brown & Sons: Issued on the One Hundred and Twenty, page 25|accessdate= 2008-07-18] He may have been one of the wealthiest men in America, however, he definitely was not the richest at the time. John Jacob Astor was the wealthiest man in America at that time. cite web|url= http://www.raken.com/American_Wealth/OTHER/newsletter/chronicle150506.asp|title= A Classification of American Wealth|accessdate= 2008-07-18] Lorillard just happened to have been the first to be called a "millionaire" in newspapers. cite web|url= http://books.google.com/books?id=SEkD9WnGscIC&pg=PA55&dq=Pierre+Lorillard+millionaire&sig=ACfU3U2T0pRssJCHmoYu7FoSh3qoPCO6bA|title= One-night Stands with American History: Odd, Amusing, and Little-known Incidents |accessdate= 2008-07-18] cite web|url= http://books.google.com/books?id=9ETZ4SYNo_AC&pg=RA1-PA218&dq=Pierre+Lorillard+millionaire&lr=&sig=ACfU3U2xZfV6p7-tAcxkO_nl4sFagkOBeg#PRA1-PA218,M1|title= The American Wind Band: A Cultural History By Richard K. Hansen, page 218 |accessdate= 2008-07-18] cite web|url= http://books.google.com/books?id=zAc-AAAAIAAJ&q=Pierre+Lorillard+millionaire&dq=Pierre+Lorillard+millionaire&lr=&pgis=1|title= The Plungers and the Peacocks By Dana Lee Thomas, page 71|accessdate= 2008-07-18] cite web|url= http://books.google.com/books?id=FNPoVchaehwC&pg=PA100&dq=Pierre+Lorillard+millionaire+Hone&lr=&sig=ACfU3U1m3wUOw4Juzfug_jauEQ6c5ozABA|title=Their Gilded Cage: The Jekyll Island Club Members By Richard Jay Hutto, page 100|accessdate= 2008-07-18] Cleveland Amory incorrectly reports that it was in Lorillard's 1843 obituary that the first use of the word "millionaire" was put in print anywhere. [ Wein, p. 134 "According to Cleveland Amory, it was within Pieere Lorillard's newspaper obituary that the word "millionaire" had first appeared in print".] [ Wecter, p. 76 "Peter Lorillard, the snuff and cigar-maker, died in 1843 and the newspapers coined the word "millionaire" to denote such affluence."]

Philip Hone, one-time mayor of New York, wrote in his famous diary about Lorillard, cquote|" He was a tobacconist, and his memory will be preserved in the annals of New York by the celebrity of "Lorillard's Snuff and Tobacco." He led people by the nose for the best part of the century, and made his enormous fortune by giving them that to chew which they could not swallow."

Reference

Bibliography

* Baltzell, Edward Digby, "Philadelphia Gentlemen: The Making of a National Upper Class", Transaction Publishers 1989, ISBN 0-8873878-9-6
* Hall, Henry et al, "The Tribune Book of Open-air Sports", The Tribune Association 1887, Original from the New York Public Library
* Larrabee, Eric et al, "Mass Leisure", Free Press 1958
* Myers, Gustavus, "History of the Great American Fortunes", C.H. Kerr & Company 1909.
* Wecter, Dixon, "The Saga of American Society: A Record of Social Aspiration, 1607-1937", C. Scribner's Sons 1937, Original from the University of Michigan
* Wein, George et al,"Myself Among Others: A Life in Music", Da Capo Press 2004, ISBN 0-3068135-2-1
* Whitney, Caspar et al, "Outing; Sport, Adventure, Travel, Fiction", W. B. Holland 1902, Original from the University of Michigan

External links

http://www.lorillard.com/
Persondata
NAME = Pierre Lorillard II
ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Pierre Lorillard Jr
SHORT DESCRIPTION = tobacco manufacturer
DATE OF BIRTH = 1764
PLACE OF BIRTH = New York
DATE OF DEATH = 1843
PLACE OF DEATH = New York