Propionitrile

Propionitrile

Chembox new
Name = Propionitrile
ImageFile = Propionitrile.png ImageName = Propionitrile
IUPACName = Propanenitrile
OtherNames = Propionitrile
Ethyl cyanide
Section1 = Chembox Identifiers
CASNo = 107-12-0
SMILES = CCC#N
Section2 = Chembox Properties
Formula = C3H5N
MolarMass = 55.08 g/mol
Density = 0.7918 g/cm3 at 20 °C
MeltingPt = -91.8 °C
BoilingPt = 97.2 °C

Propionitrile, or ethyl cyanide, is a low-molecular weight nitrile with the molecular formula C2H5CN. It is a clear liquid with an etherial, sweet odor.

Propionitrile can be produced by the dehydration of propionamide, by reduction of acrylonitrile, or by distilling ethyl sulfate and potassium cyanide.

Propionitrile is poisonous when heated to decomposition, or by treatment with acids.

To calculate the vapor pressure (P) at a given temperature K (in Kelvin), where that temperature falls within the range of -35 to 97.1 degrees Celsuis, use the following equation:

Log P = [(-0.2185)(8769.0) /K ] + 8.079473

References

*"Merck Index", 11th Edition, 7839.
*"CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics", 52nd Ed., p. D-153.

External links

* [http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C107120 WebBook page for C3H5N]


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • propionitrile — Nitrile Ni trile (? or ?), n. [See {Nitro }.] (Chem.) Any one of a series of compounds bearing the cyanide radical ({ CN}); particularly, one of those cyanides of alcohol radicals which, by boiling with acids or alkalies, produce a carboxyl acid …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • propionitrile — propionnitrilas statusas T sritis chemija formulė CH₃CH₂CN atitikmenys: angl. ethyl cyanide; propionitrile; propiononitrile rus. пропионитрил; этилцианид ryšiai: sinonimas – propannitrilas …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • propionitrile — noun The nitrile CH CH CN; ethyl cyanide …   Wiktionary

  • propionitrile — pro·pio·nitrile …   English syllables

  • propionitrile — |prōpēō+ noun Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary propion + nitrile : a toxic volatile liquid nitrile C2H5CN that yields propionic acid and ammonia on hydrolysis and is used chiefly as a solvent called also ethyl cyanide …   Useful english dictionary

  • Acetonitrile — Acetonitrile …   Wikipedia

  • List of Extremely Hazardous Substances — This is a list of Extremely Hazardous Substances as defined by Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act. NOTOC A * Acetone cyanohydrin * Acetone thiosemicarbazide * Acrolein * Acrylamide * Acrylonitrile *… …   Wikipedia

  • acetic nitrile — Nitrile Ni trile (? or ?), n. [See {Nitro }.] (Chem.) Any one of a series of compounds bearing the cyanide radical ({ CN}); particularly, one of those cyanides of alcohol radicals which, by boiling with acids or alkalies, produce a carboxyl acid …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • acetonitrile — Nitrile Ni trile (? or ?), n. [See {Nitro }.] (Chem.) Any one of a series of compounds bearing the cyanide radical ({ CN}); particularly, one of those cyanides of alcohol radicals which, by boiling with acids or alkalies, produce a carboxyl acid …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • -CN — Nitrile Ni trile (? or ?), n. [See {Nitro }.] (Chem.) Any one of a series of compounds bearing the cyanide radical ({ CN}); particularly, one of those cyanides of alcohol radicals which, by boiling with acids or alkalies, produce a carboxyl acid …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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