Lorenzo Bartolini

Lorenzo Bartolini (7 January 1777 - 20 January 1850) was an Italian sculptor who infused his neoclassicism with a strain of sentimental piety and naturalistic detail, while he drew inspiration from the sculpture of the Florentine Renaissance rather than the overpowering influence of Antonio Canova that circumscribed his Florentine contemporaries.

Biography

Bartolini was born in Vernio, near Prato, Tuscany. After studying at the Florentine Academy, honing his skills and reputation as a modeller in alabaster, he went in 1797 to Paris, where he studied painting under Desmarets, and afterwards sculpture under François-Frédéric Lemot. The bas-relief "Cleobis and Biton", with which he gained the second prize of the Academy in 1803, at once established his fame as a sculptor and gained for him a number of influential patrons. His bas-relief of the "Battle of Austerlitz" was among those executed for the column erected in Place Vendôme. He also executed many minor pieces for Vivant-Denon, besides portrait busts of the opera composers Méhul and Cherubini. His great patron, however, was Napoleon, for whom he executed a colossal bust, and who sent him, on the recommendations of his sister Elisa Baciocchi, to Carrara in 1807, to direct the academy of sculpture, in spite of local opposition. Here he remained as the quasi-official portrait sculptor to the Buonapartes till after the fall of Napoleon. He then took up his residence in Florence, where he resided till his death. In Florence, his Bonapartist associations and his departures as an artist from the strict Canovan classicism being taught at the Academy [TCI "Firenze e Dintorni" (1964:30) characterized most Florentine neoclassical sculptors as "canoviani di modesto valore" ("Canovans of modest worth"); the Florentine Galleria d'Arte Moderna used to begin with a gallery with Canova's bust of Napoleon in the center of a gallery that was surrounded by portrait busts, in which Bartolini's "Bust of Carlo Ludovico di Borbone, duca di Lucca" could be directly compared with busts by Bartolini's contemporaries.] " limited his opportunities. His naturalistic and somewhat sentimental marble "L'Ammostatore" ("The Bird's-nest Stealer", 1820) took its inspiration from under-appreciated Quattrocento Florentine sculptors like Andrea Verrocchio. In his decade of impoverishment, supportive commissions came from foreigners; the funeral monument to Princess Sofia Zamoyski Czartoriski (died 1837) in Santa Croce, Florence's Westminster Abbey, is an anti-classical statement for naturalism. Two other Bartolini monuments in Santa Croce can be compoared with it; in the Capella Giugni is his monument to Carlotta Buonaparte (died 1839), but when the occasion required a more formal approach, as in the monument to Leone Battista Alberti, the result could be chilly. An outstanding commission came in 1830 from the sons of the Russian prince Nicola Demidoff, who had retired to Florence, to sculpt a monument, which is still to be seen in Piazza Demidoff, Florence. The commission's multiple figures took shape during Bartolini's last decades; it was completed by Bartolini's assistant Pasquale Romanelli.

His works are varied and include an immense number of portait busts. The best are, perhaps, the group of "Charity" (1824), the "Hercules and Lichas" and "Faith in God", commissioned by the widow of Giuseppe Poldi Pezzoli. His portrait statue of Macchiavelli took its place as his only commission among the long series of historical Florentine males provided for the empty exterior niches of the Uffizi.

Notes

External links

* [http://www.scultura-italiana.com/Biografie/Bartolini.htm La Scultura Italiana: Lorenzo Bartolini] (Italian)

Gallery

References

*1911
*Touring Club Italiano (TCI) "Firenze e Dintorni" 1964.