Polygonum pensylvanicum

Taxobox
name = "Polygonum pensylvanicum"

---

image_width = 240px
image_caption = Polygonum pensylvanicum drawing
regnum = Plantae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis = Magnoliopsida
ordo = Caryophyllales
familia = Polygonaceae
genus = "Polygonum"
species = "P. pensylvanicum"
binomial = "Polygonum pensylvanicum"
binomial_authority = L.

"Polygonum pensylvanicum" L. of the buckwheat family is also known as Pinkweed, Pink Knotweed, Smartweed, and Pennsylvania Smartweed. [ [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=POPE2 "Polygonum pensylvanicum"] at [http://plants.usda.gov/ USDA PLANTS Database] ]

Pennsylvania smartweed is an erect or sprawling annual, 1 to 5 feet tall. The leaves are lance-shaped and are connected at the node by a membranous sheath, or ocrea. The ocrea is not fringed. The plant flowers July to November. The flowers are rose-pink (or white) and are found in crowded, elongate clusters. Flower stalks often have minute glandular hairs near top, but this is highly variable. The seeds are small, and a shiny brown and encased in achenes. The achenes are elliptical to circular and are a glossy black.

Cultivation and uses

Pennsylvania smartweed grows in waste ground and crops. It can tolerate many different conditions, but prefers moist soils. It can be found throughout eastern and central North America.

American Indians used tea made from whole plant for diarrhea and poulticed leaves for piles. Bitter leaf tea has been used to stop bleeding from mouth. The tops were used in a tea for epilepsy. Note that the fresh juice is acrid and may cause irritation.

The plant is native to eastern North America. The nectar is useful to insects, the many large seeds to songbirds and wildfowl and the leaves to several kinds of moths and butterflies.

ynonyms

*"Persicaria bicornis" (Raf.) Nieuwl.
*"Persicaria longistyla" (Small) Small
*"Persicaria mississippiensis" (Stanford) Small
*"Persicaria pensylvanica" (L.) G. Maza
*"Persicaria pensylvanica" var. "dura" (Stanford) C.F. Reed
*"Polygonum bicorne" Raf.
*"Polygonum longistylum" Small
*"Polygonum longistylum" var. "omissum" (Greene) Stanford
*"Polygonum mexicanum" auct. non Small
*"Polygonum mississippiense" Stanford
*"Polygonum mississippiense" var. "interius" Stanford
*"Polygonum pensylvanicum" var. "durum" Stanford
*"Polygonum pensylvanicum" var. "eglandulosum" J.C. Myers
*"Polygonum pensylvanicum" var. "genuinum" Fern.
*"Polygonum pensylvanicum" var. "laevigatum" Fern.
*"Polygonum pensylvanicum" var. "rosiflorum" J.B.S. Norton [ITIS | ID = 20861 | taxon = Polygonum pensylvanicum | year = 2007 | date = May 23 ]

Notes

References

*Richard H. Uva, Joseph C. Neal and Joseph M. Ditomaso, "Weeds of The Northeast", (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1997), Pp. 280-281.