Kenelm Lee Guinness

Infobox Person
name = Kenelm Edward "Bill" Lee Guinness


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birth_date = birth date|1887|08|14|df=yes
birth_place = Dublin, Ireland cite web
title=Kenelm Lee Guinness
url=http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GScid=658430&GRid=20654708&
publisher= [http://www.findagrave.com findagrave.com] ]
death_date = death date and age|1937|04|10|1887|08|14|df=yes
death_place = at home, Kingston Hill, London
death_cause = Suicide, by domestic gas
resting_place = Putney Vale Crematorium, London
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residence = Putney, London
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education = Cambridge University
employer =
occupation = Racing motorist,
spark plug manufacturer
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parents = father: Benjamin Lee Guinness, 3rd son of Sir Benjamin Lee Guinness, 1st Baronet
relatives = Guinness brewing family


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Kenelm Lee Guinness MBE (14 August 1887 - 10 April 1937) was a racing driver of the 1910s - 1920s. He was part of the Guinness brewing family.

Beginnings in motor racing

Kenelm's interest in motor racing began whilst at Cambridge University, as his elder brother Sir Algernon Guinness's riding mechanic.

His first major race as a driver was the 1907 Isle of Man Tourist Trophy. His Darracq retired early, owing to axle failure. This involvement with the closely related Sunbeam, Talbot and Darracq marques continued throughout his career. In the same year he also took part in the Belgian Grand Prix at the Circuit des Ardennes.

Around this time he acquired space in a disused pub, 'The Bald Faced Stag' in Putney, London as a base for his motor-racing exploits.

From 1913 he was an official driver for Sunbeam, along with Henry Segrave. Sunbeam's engine designer, Louis Coatalen, became a friend and assisted his motor-racing career, driving Sunbeam or Talbot cars. cite book
title=Sunbeam Aero-engines
last=Brew |first=Alec
date=1998
publisher=Airlife
isbn=1-84037-023-8]

KLG spark plugs

As for many racing motorists of this era, he had commercial interests in automotive engineering; in this case being the inventor of the KLG spark plug, a brandname surviving today.

His experience in the 1912 Manx Tourist Trophy led him to develop a more reliable spark plug. The innovation of the KLG spark plug was its use of mica as an insulator. This mica was stacked in sheets and compressed by the centre electrode being tightened on a thread. These insulators gave more reliable performance than the porcelain ceramics used by others.

Production of these plugs began in a small way at 'The Bald Faced Stag', supplying other racers including Segrave and Campbell.

KLG plugs developed a particular reputation for reliability in aircraft use and were in great demand during the First World War. At the outbreak of war he joined the Royal Navy, but his work on spark plugs was considered to be more valuable to the war effort and he was asked to resign.

In 1919 he sold world distribution rights to Smiths, then sold up completely in 1927. He remained as a consultant. cite web
title=Top 100 racing drivers
url=http://www.historicracing.com/top100.cfm?driverID=5468&fromrow=1
publisher= [http://www.historicracing.com historicracing.com] ]

KLG's reliability was particularly attractive to the land speed record contenders and their many-cylindered aero-engines, often with dual ignition systems. Segrave's 1,000HP Sunbeam required 48 spark plugs, a mis-fire amongst which could be very difficult to detect and replace on a windswept beach.

In time, KLG out-grew their pub and a fine building was constructed in the most modern of styles. At one time 1,500 people were employed there. Sadly the building is now demolished and replaced by an Asda store.

Motor racing success

cite web
title=Lee Guinness
url=http://forums.autosport.com/showthread.php?postid=236979
publisher= [http://forums.autosport.com autosport.com] ]

1913

* Winner, Isle of Man Tourist Trophy
* 1913 French Grand Prix

1914

* Isle of Man Tourist Trophy, 10-11 June 1914, Sunbeam TT 3.2 litre
* 1914 French Grand Prix

1922

* JCC 200 Brooklands, Voiturettes, 19 August 1922, Talbot-Darracq 56

* Coupe des Voiturettes Le Mans, 18 September 1922, Talbot-Darracq 56

* Spanish Grand Prix, Voiturettes, 5 November 1922, Talbot-Darracq 56

1924

* Grand Prix de Suisse Voiturettes, Geneva, 15 June 1924, Talbot 70

* JCC 200 Brooklands, Voiturettes, 20 September 1924, Talbot 70

* Serious crash on 27 September 1924 at the San Sebastian Grand Prix, in which his riding mechanic was killed.: He is often named as Bill Perkins, Guinness' regular mechanic. However Perkins was still recovering in hospital from injuries in a crash at Brooklands, three weeks earlier. His substitute, and the mechanic killed, was Tom Barrett. cite web
title=Sunbeam, Talbot, Darracq
url=http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk/Museum/Transport/Cars/Sunbeam/STD.htm
publisher= [http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk Wolverhampton Museum of Industry] ] : After this crash, Guinness never raced again.

Sunbeam 350HP and the Land Speed Record

After the First World War, Louis Coatalen built the Sunbeam 350HP, powered by a V12 Manitou engine.

On 18 May, 1922 Guinness used the car to set new Land Speed Records at Brooklands: the Brooklands lap record at 121.54 mph, then the flying-start land speed records over a half-mile, kilometre, mile and two miles. The fastest record being 136.05 mph for the half-mile. These were the last land speed records to be set on a racetrack rather than a beach or salt flat.

The Sunbeam was later sold to Malcolm Campbell, who named it "Bluebird" and also set land speed records with it.

After his accident, Guinness withdrew from record-breaking as well as track competition. However when his Sunbeam co-driver Segrave took the 1,000HP car to Daytona in 1927, Guinness accompanied him.

Ocean Rover

Guinness' First World War Naval aspirations were assuaged a little in 1919, when he purchased a surplus minesweeper, the 'Samuel Green' that had been converted to a fishing trawler. He renamed her the 'Ocean Rover' and had her refitted as a gentleman's yacht. Guest accommodation was provided, together with a hold equipped to transport racing cars to foreign events.

In 1926, after his retirement from motor racing, he and his friend Malcolm Campbell went on a treasure hunting trip to the Cocos Islands.

Death

After the 1924 crash, Guinness suffered head and other injuries. These other injuries may have been enough to end his racing career on their own, but the head injuries and the trauma of Barrett's death also changed his personality. cite web
title=Tom Barrett
url=http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk/Museum/Transport/Cars/Sunbeam/TomBarrett.htm
publisher= [http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk Wolverhampton Museum of Industry] ]

In his final months towards 1937, he was described as suffering delusions and was admitted to a nursing home. On 10 April 1937 he was found dead in a bedroom at his home near the KLG factory, having apparently gassed himself.

At the coroner's inquest, his brother Sir Algernon Guinness produced a letter that indicated the likelihood of suicide. The coroner's verdict was, "Suicide, while of unsound mind".

He was buried on 14 April at Putney Vale Crematorium, alongside the KLG factory.

References