Rupert Wildt

Infobox Scientist
name = Rupert Wildt
box_width =


image_width =150px
caption = Rupert Wildt
birth_date = June 25, 1905
birth_place = Munich, Germany
death_date = January 9, 1976
death_place = Orleans, Massachusetts
residence =
citizenship = American
nationality = German
ethnicity =
field = astronomy
work_institutions =
alma_mater = University of Berlin
doctoral_advisor =
doctoral_students =
known_for =
author_abbrev_bot =
author_abbrev_zoo =
influences =
influenced =
prizes =
religion =
footnotes =

Rupert Wildt (June 25, 1905 – January 9, 1976) was a German-American astronomer.

He was born in Munich, Germany, and grew up in that country during World War I and its aftermath. In 1927 he was awarded a Ph.D. from the University of Berlin. He joined the University of Göttingen, specializing in the properties of atmospheres.

In 1932 he studied the spectra of Jupiter, and other outer planets, and identified certain absorption bands as belonging to the hydrogen-rich compounds of methane and ammonia. The composition appeared consistent with a composition similar to the sun and other stars.

Assuming that the atmosphere was composed of these gases, during the 1940s and 1950s he constructed a model of the structure of these planets. He believed the core of the planets is solid and composed of a mixture of rock and metal, covered by a thick outer shell of ice, overlaid by a dense atmosphere. His model is still widely accepted.

In 1934 he emigrated to the United States, and became a research assistant at Princeton University from 1937 until 1942. He then became an assistant professor at the University of Virginia until 1947, before joining the faculty of the Yale University.

In 1937 he proposed that the atmosphere of Venus was composed of a mist of formaldehyde. His observations of the atmosphere did not find any water at the time, but later balloon-based measurements did show water in the atmosphere and so his proposal was abandoned. In 1940, however, he also hypothesized that the carbon dioxide in the venusian atmosphere trapped heat, a phenomenon later called the greenhouse effect.

From 1965 until 1968 he was president of the "Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy". In the period 1966-1968 he also held the post of the chairman of the department of astronomy at Yale, and from 1973 until his death he was professor emeritus. He died in Orleans, Massachusetts.

His family name is pronounced "vihlt" IPA| [vɪlt] .

Awards and honors

* Awarded the Eddington Medal in 1966 [http://adsbit.harvard.edu//full/seri/QJRAS/0007//0000120.000.html]
* Asteroid 1953 Rupertwildt is named for him.
* Wildt crater on the Moon is named for him.