Patrick Campbell (Royal Navy officer)

Infobox Military Person
name= Sir Patrick Campbell
lived= 1773 – 13 October, 1841
placeofbirth= Argyll, Scotland
placeofdeath= Leamington Spa, Warwickshire


caption=
nickname=
allegiance= flagicon|United Kingdom United Kingdom
serviceyears= 1780s to 1838
rank= Royal Navy Vice-Admiral
branch=
commands=
unit=
battles= French Revolutionary Wars • Capture of "Désirée" Napoleonic Wars
awards= Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath
laterwork= Vice-Admiral Sir Patrick Campbell, KCB (1773 – 13 October, 1841) was a senior British Royal Navy officer of the early nineteenth century who was distinguished by his service in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. During his service in a number of ships in the Mediterranean and English Channel, Campbell saw several small ship actions and was successful in every one, even surviving a double shipwreck in 1805. Following the war, Campbell retired for ten years before returning to service, later commanding at the Cape of Good Hope.

Naval career

Campbell was born in 1773, the son of Colonel John and Colina Campbell of Argyll. One of his younger brothers was to become the celebrated British Army general Sir Colin Campbell. Patrick Campbell went to sea at a young age, and following the outbreak of the French Revolutionary War was promoted to lieutenant in 1794. In 1797, Campbell was again promoted to commander and two years later took over the sloop HMS "Dart" in the English Channel.

"Dart" was an experimental ships, designed to operate in coastal waters at close range, she carried 30 carronades but no long guns, and her armament proved highly successful in an attack on Dunkirk in 1800 in which "Dart" was able to come alongside the larger and better armed French frigate "Désirée", fire into her and bring her out of the harbour successfully, despite the enemy having numerous advantages over the British sloop. For this operation, Campbell was promoted to post captain and given command of the frigate HMS "Ariadne".

In 1803, Campbell moved to HMS "Doris" and commanded her until she was wrecked in 1805 on a rock in Quiberon Bay. The crew successfully escaped to the nearby ship of the line HMS "Tonnant", but in transferring from "Tonnant" to the blockading squadron's flagship, the small boat he was in overturned and Captain Jervis of "Tonnant" was drowned. Campbell was rescued from the water and later took over the frigate HMS "Unite", commanding her in the Adriatic.

In 1811, Campbell was given command of the ship of the line HMS "Leviathan" in the Mediterranean, in which he saw out the war. In 1815, Campbell entered temporary retirement and was made a Companion of the Bath. He remained at his estate in Warwickshire until 1824, when he returned to the sea as captain of the ship of the line HMS "Ganges" with the Home Fleet. The following year he married Margaret Wauchope, with whom he would have two children; Patrick John Campbell who became a general in the Royal Artillery and Colin Campbell who served in the Royal Navy.

In 1827, Campbell took HMS "Ocean" to reinforce Edward Codrington in the Mediterranean but arrived too late to take part in the Battle of Navarino Bay. In 1830, "Ocean" was paid off and the same year Campbell was promoted to rear-admiral. Between 1834 and 1837, he flew his flag in HMS "Thalia" as the commander at the Cape of Good Hope and was knighted in 1836. Following retirement in 1837, Campbell settled at Leamington Spa and was raised to vice-admiral. He died on 13 October 1841 at his home. [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/4530?docPos=2 Campbell, Sir Patrick] , "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography", J. K. Laughton, Retrieved 26 May 2008]

Notes

Persondata
NAME=Campbell, Patrick
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
SHORT DESCRIPTION= Royal Navy officer
DATE OF BIRTH=1773
PLACE OF BIRTH=Argyll, Scotland
DATE OF DEATH=13 October, 1841
PLACE OF DEATH=Leamington Spa, Warwickshire