William R. Peers

Infobox Military Person
name=William R. Peers
born= 1914
died= death year and age|1984|1914


caption=
nickname=
placeofbirth=Stuart, Iowa
placeofdeath=San Francisco, California
allegiance= United States of America
branch=United States Army
serviceyears=1938-19??
rank=Lieutenant General
unit=
commands=I Field Force, Vietnam 4th Infantry Division
battles=World War II Vietnam War
awards=
relations=
laterwork=

William R. Peers was a United States Army General.

Biography

Peers, often referred to by his middle name "Ray" by close associates, was born in Stuart, Iowa in 1914. [ [http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/mylai/myl_bpeers.htm Biography of General William R. Peers] ] He attended the University of California, Los Angeles where he was a member of the Sigma Pi Fraternity. He graduated with a degree from the College of Education in 1937, and received a regular Army commission in 1938.

When the United States entered World War II, Peers was recruited into the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). He joined Detachment 101, which carried out guerrilla operations against the Japanese in the China India Burma Theater. At first the unit's operations and training officer, he eventually became the unit's commander. He held that position until 1945, when he became commander of all OSS operations in China south of the Yangtze River. In this capacity he led a Nationalist Chinese parachute-commando unit into Nanking, securing the former Chinese capital from the Japanese and Communist Chinese before the armistice.

After WWII, Peers joined the CIA, establishing the agency's first training program. During the Korean War, he directed covert operations by Chinese Nationalist troops into the southern part of the People's Republic of China from secret bases in Burma.

Upon his return from China, he attended the prestigious Army War College, and afterward held a series of intelligence and staff positions. With his Asian insurgency warfare expertise, it was inevitable that his career would prosper during the Vietnam War. At its beginning, Peers was the assistant deputy chief of staff for special operations. The next year he became special assistant for counterinsurgency and special activities for the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

In January 1967, as a major general, he was named the 32nd commanding officer of the 4th Infantry Division ("The Ivy Division"). 14 months later, he was promoted to lieutenant general, and commanded the 50,000 American soldiers of the corps-level I Field Force, Vietnam. [ [http://www.ichiban1.org/html/iffv_6.htm Association of I Field Force, IFFV Commanders] ] Based in the Central Highlands, The I Field Force comprised some of the most aggressive American formations in Vietnam, including the 1st Cavalry Division (United States), 101st Airborne and the 173rd Airborne. Peers also coordinated the operations of four South Vietnamese and the two elite South Korean divisions sent as that country's contribution. Under his leadership, allied troops decisively defeated Viet Cong guerrillas and NVA regulars in the battles of Dak To in November 1967, and Duc Lap in August 1968.

In 1969, Peers was ordered by General Westmoreland to investigate the My Lai Massacre, being selected because of his reputation for fairness and objectivity. [ Citation |year = 1992 |title = Four Hours in My Lai, pp 288-289] In 1970 Peers issued a very thorough and critical [http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/mylai/MYL_Peers.htm report] on the incident. Hugh Thompson, along with his helicopter crew, were the only soldiers who attempted to stop the massacre, said of the Peers report [Citation |journal USNA Lecture |year = 2003 |title = Moral Courage In Combat: The My Lai Story |url = http://www.usna.edu/Ethics/Publications/ThompsonPg1-28_Final.pdf] :

"The Army had Lieutenant General William R. Peers conduct the investigation. He conducted a very thorough investigation. Congress did not like his investigation at all, because he pulled no punches, and he recommended court-martial for I think 34 people, not necessarily for the murder but for the cover-up."

Peers died at the age of 69 in 1984 of a heart attack at Letterman Army Medical Center at the Presidio of San Francisco. [ [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00E10F73D5C0C7A8CDDAD0894DC484D81 New York Times obituary] ]

In popular culture

Oliver Stone's movie "Pinkville" will star Bruce Willis as William Peers.

ee also

References