- Yvonne Rudelatt
Infobox Military Person
name=Yvonne Rudellat
caption=
born=January 1895
died=1945
placeofbirth= France
placeofdeath=Bergen-Belsen concentration camp , Germany
nickname=Jacqueline
allegiance=United Kingdom ,France
branch=Special Operations Executive ,FANY
serviceyears=1942-1945
rank=Field agent and guerrilla commander
unit=
commands=Prosper
battles=
awards=
relations=
laterwork=Yvonne Rudelatt (b. January 1895, France - d.April 23 ,1945 ,Bergen-Belsen concentration camp ) was a member of theSpecial Operations Executive (SOE) during World War II and worked as a courier for the French Section.Early life
Rudellat was born in January 1897, the youngest of ten children, most of whom died in infancy. She was the daughter of a horse dealer for the French army, and when her domineering mother would allow it, Yvonne accompanied him on buying trips. After his death, Yvonne found herself unable to live with her mother anymore, and moved to London to get a job. While working at a chain store in
Regent Street , she met a waiter from the Piccadilly Hotel, and the two were married in 1920. Alex Rudellat was nine years older than his eighteen year old bride, and had once been an undercover agent. In 1922, Yvonne gave birth to a baby girl and named her Constance Jacqueline. When the child was seven, Yvonne and Alex separated, but were friends, and shared time with their daughter.Wartime Work
Ten days after the declaration of war in 1939, Yvonne's seventeen-year-old daughter joined the
Auxiliary Territorial Service , and later married a sergeant. Yvonne tried several times to join her daughter in the ATS, but was turned down because of her age. In 1942, at the age of forty-five, Yvonne was finally accepted and selected to train for the SOE, though no woman had ever been chosen as a leader, though many had proven themselves.Rudelatt joined the SOE in 1942 and following her training, she left England for Gibraltar on July 17, 1942 under the codename "Jacqueline" and, after months of training, became the first woman SOE to be sent abroad. In terrible weather, she landed by small boat on the Riveria coast of
France and travelled toTours , close to the border of the Occupied Zone andVichy France to act as a courier to the Prosper circuit. She and her partner,Pierre Culioli , controlled the group together, and carried out many successful operations against German-operated train lines and factories. Between August 1942 and June 1943, Rudelatt worked with the circuit as a courier and also specialised in sabotage and parachute drops. She was part of the team who sabotagedChaigny power station and personally blew up two locomotives atLe Mans in March 1943.With suspicions mounting, the two were openly pursued by German forces. On June 21 1943 she was arrested by the Gestapo whilst waiting for a parachute drop and was wounded during an attempt to escape; Pierre and Yvonne were trying to escape arrest in a car when a bullet hit her in the back of her head, knocking her unconscious. Pierre saw the amount of blood coming from the wound, and since Yvonne was unresponsive, he decided to kill himself rather than be taken and tortured. He slammed the vehicle into a ditch and then the side of a cottage, but the two woke up in a hospital at
Blois hours later. Yvonne was told that her injury wasn't life threatening, and that the bullet hadn't pierced her brain, but that it would be unsafe to remove it. She was taken toRavensbruck , on the same transport as another female resistance heroine,Odette Sansom. She was hospitalised at
Blois . On recovery she was transferred toRavensbrück on April 21 1944. She was later moved toBergen-Belsen concentration camp where she contractedTyphus and died .Imprisonment
During World War II, over 8,000 Frenchwomen were sent to prison camps in Germany, and only 800 returned to France. In February 1945, 2,500 elderly and ill women were sent from
Ravensbruck to what they thought would be a 'convalescent camp,' but which was actually Belsen. Yvonne, who had not given the German authorities her real name, possibly suffering from amnesia, was recorded as "Jacqueline Gautier". She died there after contractingtyphus on or aroundApril 23 1945 , shortly after the camp was liberated. As she had successfully maintained her alias of Madame Gautier, and she was extremely ill when the Allied troops arrived, she was not identified as a British SOE agent and was buried in a mass grave.Honours & Decorations
Today, she is commemorated by an obelisk at
Romorantin in the Loire Valley, and by a plaque at theValençay SOE Memorial , where her name is included in the Valençay Memorial Roll of Honor, along with 91 men and 12 other women who died for their country.External links
* [http://www.64-baker-street.org/agents/agent_fany_yvonne_rudellat.html Biography at 64-Baker Street.com]
* [http://www.specialforcesroh.com/browse.php?mode=viewiroll&rollid=4138 Entry on Special Forces Roll of Honour]
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