Callicore

Callicore
Callicore
Hesperis Eighty-eight (C. hesperis)
Upperside of museum specimen
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Subfamily: Biblidinae
Tribe: Callicorini
Genus: Callicore
Hübner, 1819
Type species
Callicore astarte
Cramer, [1779]
Diversity
About 50 species
Synonyms

Catagramma Boisduval, 1836

Callicore is a genus of nymphalid butterfly found in the Neotropical Ecozone. This genus, like some related ones, was formerly lumped together as the paraphyletic "Catagramma" assemblage.

Species in this genus are commonly called eighty-eights like the related genera Diaethria and Perisama, in reference to the characteristic patterns on the hindwing undersides of many. In Callicore, the pattern consists of bluish dots surrounded by black and looks more like "αB" or "8°", though some members of this genus have a completely different arrangement of dots. The forewing undersides vary little between species, being black with one or two broad orange-yellow bands in the basal part and one thin and one very faint yellowish band near the apex.

C. hydarnis is listed as endangered species in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Species

Astarte Eighty-eight (C. astarte), upperside of museum specimen
Callicore aegina salamis, underside of museum specimen
Eunomia Eighty-eight (C. eunomia), underside of museum specimen
Callicore pastazza, underside of museum specimen
Cynosura Eighty-eight (C. cynosura), underside of museum specimen

Species are listed in the presumed phylogenetic[verification needed] sequence; some subspecies are also listed:

  • Callicore hydaspes (?Drury, 1782) – Hydaspes Eight-eight
  • Callicore aegina (Felder & Felder, 1861)
    • Callicore aegina aegina
    • Callicore aegina salamis
  • Callicore mengeli
  • Callicore lyca (Doubleday & Hewitson, 1847)
    • Callicore lyca lyca
    • Callicore lyca aerias (Godman & Salvin, 1883)
  • Callicore mionina (Hewitson, 1855)
  • Callicore brome (Boisduval, 1836)
  • Callicore transversa
  • Callicore maronensis
  • Callicore atacama (Hewitson, 1852)
    • Callicore atacama atacama
    • Callicore atacama manova (Fruhstorfer, 1916)
  • Callicore hesperis (Guérin, 1844) – Hesperis Eighty-eight
  • Callicore cajetani (Guenée, 1872)
  • Callicore felderi
  • Callicore faustina (Bates, 1866)
  • Callicore pygas (Godart, 1824) – Pygas Eighty-eight
    • Callicore pygas pygas
    • Callicore pygas cyllene (Doubleday & Westwood, 1847)[verification needed]
  • Callicore eucale
  • Callicore aphidna
  • Callicore hydamis
  • Callicore tolima (Hewitson, 1852)
  • Callicore eunomia (Hewitson, 1853) – Eunomia Eighty-eight
  • Callicore hystaspes (Fabricius, 1781[verification needed]) – Hystaspes Eighty-eight
    • Callicore hystaspes hystaspes
    • Callicore hystaspes zelphanta (Hewitson, 1858)
  • Callicore discrepans
  • Callicore denina
  • Callicore chimana (Oberthür, 1916)
  • Callicore platytaenia
  • Callicore guatemalena (Bates, 1866)
  • Callicore pacifica (Bates, 1866)
    • Callicore pacifica pacifica
    • Callicore pacifica bugaba (Staudinger, 1875)
  • Callicore peralta (Dillon, 1948)
  • Callicore levi
  • Callicore texa (Hewitson, 1854) – Texa Eighty-eight
    • Callicore texa texa
    • Callicore texa titania (Salvin, 1869)
  • Callicore maximilla
  • Callicore maimuna (Hewitson, 1858)
  • Callicore cynosura (Doubleday & Hewitson, 1847) – Cynosura Eighty-eight
  • Callicore astarte (Cramer, 1779) – Astarte Eighty-eight
    • Callicore astarte astarte
    • Callicore astarte stratiotes (Felder & Felder, 1861)
  • Callicore selima
  • Callicore excelsior (Hewitson, 1857) – Excelsior Eighty-eight
  • Callicore michaeli
  • Callicore coruscans
  • Callicore pastazza (Staudinger, 1888)
  • Callicore patelina (Hewitson, 1853)
  • Callicore casta (Salvin, 1869)
  • Callicore arirambae
  • Callicore sorana (Godart, 1832) – Sorana Eighty-eight
  • Callicore oculata
  • Callicore ines
  • Callicore pitheas (Latreille, 1811)
  • Callicore cyclops
  • Callicore codomannus
  • Callicore aretas
  • Callicore lepta

References

  • Casagrande, M. M., Mielke, O. H. H., & Brown, K. S., Jr. (1998). Butterflies (Lepidoptera) considered as threatened in Minas Gerais, Brazil (in Portuguese). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 15(1), 241-259.
  • Garwood, K. M., Lehman, Carter, W., & Carter, G. (2007). Butterflies of Southern Amazonia. Mission, Texas: Neotropical Butterflies.
  • Lamas, G., ed. 2004. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Checklist: Part 4A Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea. Gainesville: Scientific Publishers/Association of Tropical Lepidoptera.

External links

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