Timeline of women's suffrage

Women's suffrage has been granted at various times in various countries throughout the world. In many countries women's suffrage was granted before universal suffrage, so women (and men) from certain classes or races were still unable to vote, while some granted it to both sexes at the same time.

The timeline below lists years when women's suffrage was "enacted" in various places. In many cases the first voting took place in a subsequent year.

New Zealand in 1893 is often said to be the first "country" in the world to give women the right to vote. However, it was then a British colony and other sub-national entities had earlier given certain women voting rights.(New Zealand became an independent nation some time between 1907 and 1947 although constitutional historians disagree as to exactly when.) [Colin Campbell Aikman, ‘History, Constitutional’ in McLintock, A.H. (ed),"An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand", 3 vols, Wellington, NZ:R.E. Owen, Government Printer, 1966, vol 2, pp.67-75.]

"Disclaimer: This timeline reflects a vast amount of information from the women's suffrage movement throughout the globe. In many cases, countries passed various laws which progressively gave women the right to vote. Many countries may appear on the list more than once due to the fact that restrictions on suffrage were only lifted slowly." (Former name of nation included at time of rights granted.) This list only states the right to vote; for other rights, see Timeline of Womens Rights (other than voting)

18th century

* 1718
** flag|Sweden Female taxpaying members of the citite's guilds are allowed to vote in local elections (rescinded in 1758) and general elections (rescinded in the new constitution of 1771)
* 1755
** flagicon|Corsica Corsica (rescinded upon annexation by France in 1769)
* 1756-1778
** flagicon|Massachusetts Colonial Massachusetts, Lydia Taft, Uxbridge, Massachusetts town meeting
* 1776
** flag|New Jersey (rescinded in 1807)

19th century

* 1838
** flag|Pitcairn Islands
* 1861
** flag|South Australia (Only property-owning women for local elections, universal franchise in 1894)
* 1862
** flag|Sweden (only in local elections, votes graded after taxation, universal franchise in 1918, which went into effect at the 1921 elections)
* 1864
** flagicon|Victoria Women in Victoria, Australia were unintentionally enfranchised by the "Electoral Act" (1863), and proceeded to vote in the following year's elections. The Act was amended in 1865 to correct the error. [ [http://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/women.html Women in Parliament - Parliament of Victoria ] ]
* 1869
** flagicon|United Kingdom United Kingdom (only in local elections, universal franchise in 1928)
* 1869-1920
** flagicon|Wyoming States and territories of the USA, progressively, starting with the Wyoming Territory in 1869 and Utah Territory in 1870. The latter was repealed by the U.S. Congress through the Edmunds-Tucker Act in 1887. Wyoming acquired statehood in 1890 (Utah in 1896) and thus 1892 was the first United States presidential election in which women cast legal votes. The USA as a whole acquired women's suffrage in 1920 (see below) through the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution; voting qualifications in the U.S., even in federal elections, are set by the states, and this amendment prohibited states from discriminating on the basis of sex.
* 1881
** flag|Isle of Man (only property-owners until 1913, universal franchise in 1919.)
* 1884
** flag|Canada|1868 Widows and spinsters granted the right to vote within municipalities in Ontario (later to other provinces). [ [http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/encyclopedia/Canada-WomensVote-WomenSuffrage.htm Canada-WomensVote-WomenSuffrage] ]
* 1886
** Republic of Tavolara grants universal suffrage. ["Smallest State in the World," "New York Times", June 19, 1896, p 6] ["Tiny Nation to Vote: Smallest Republic in the World to Hold a Presidential Election," "Lowell Daily Sun", Sep 17, 1896] Monarchy restored 1899.
* 1889
** grants universal suffrage. ["Wee, Small Republics: A Few Examples of Popular Government," "Hawaiian Gazette", Nov 1, 1895, p 1] Loses self-rule within months.
* 1893
** flag|New Zealand September 19 (including Maori women, although barred from standing for election.)
** flag|Cook Islands
* 1894
** flag|South Australia grants universal suffrage, extending the franchise to all women (property-owners could vote in local elections from 1861), the first in Australia to do so. Women are also granted the right to stand for parliament, making South Australia the first in the world to do so.
** flagicon|United Kingdom United Kingdom extends right to vote in local elections to married women.
* 1899
** flag|Western Australia

20th century

1900s

* 1902
** flagicon|Australia Commonwealth of Australia (The Australian Constitution gave the federal franchise to all persons allowed to vote for the lower house in each state unless the Commonwealth Parliament stipulated otherwise. Thus, South Australian and Western Australian women could vote in the first federal election in 1901. During the first Parliament, the Commonwealth passed legislation extending federal franchise to non-Aboriginal women in all states.)
** flag|New South Wales
* 1903
** flag|Tasmania
* 1905
** flag|Queensland
* 1906
** flag|Finland First country to give both the right to vote and stand for elections. First country to give both rights to all women regardless of wealth, race or social class.
** flag|New Hebrides Perhaps inspired by the Franceville experiment, the Anglo-French Condominium of the New Hebrides granted women the right to vote in municipal elections and to serve on elected municipal councils. (These rights applied only to British, French, and other colonists, not to indigenous islanders.) [Bourdiol, Julien (1908), "Condition internationale des Nouvelles-Hebrides", p 106]
* 1908
** flag|Denmark (only in local elections)
** flag|Victoria

1910s

1920s

1930s

1940s

1950s

1960s

1970s

1980s

* 1984
** flag|Liechtenstein
* 1986
** flag|Central African Republic
* 1989
** flag|Namibia (South-West Africa)

1990s

* 1990
** flag|Samoa (Western Samoa)
** flag|Switzerland (the Canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden is forced by the Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland to accept women's suffrage)
* 1994
** flag|Kazakhstan
** flag|South Africa: franchise extended to black men and women.
* 1997
** flag|Qatar (municipal elections in 1999)

21st century

References

* http://www.hist.uu.se/historikermote05/program/Politik/52_Karlsson_Sjogren.pdf
* Åsa Karlsson-Sjögren, "Männen, kvinnorna och rösträtten : medborgarskap och representation 1723-1866". "

See also

* Timeline of Womens Rights (other than voting)
* Timeline of first women's suffrage in majority-Muslim countries

External links

* [http://humandevelopment.bu.edu/dev_indicators/show_info.cfm?index_id=286&data_type=2 Timeline Site]
* [http://hdr.undp.org/hdr2006/statistics/indicators/256.html Another Timeline]

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