Language processing

Language processing

Language processing refers to the way human beings process speech or writing and understand it as language. Most recent theories back the idea that this process is made completely by and inside the brain.

Spoken language

Acoustic stimuli are received by the auditive organ and are converted to bioelectric signals on the organ of Corti. These electric impulses are then transported through scarpa's ganglion (vestibulocochlear nerve) to the primary auditory cortex, on both hemispheres. Each hemisphere treats it differently, nevertheless: while the left side recognizes distinctive parts such as phonemes, the right side takes over prosodic characteristics and melodic information.

The signal is then transported to Wernicke's area on the left hemisphere (the information that was being processed on the right hemisphere is able to cross through inter-hemispheric axons), where the already noted analysis takes part.

From this area, the signal is taken to Broca's area through what is called the arcuate fasciculus. Broca's area is in charge of interpreting the information provided by Wernicke's area (using the pars triangularis) and transmitting information to the closely located motor-related areas of the brain for production of speech (relying on the pars opercularis).

Written language

Written language may work in a fairly similar way, only using the primary visual cortex as an input pathway instead of the auditory cortex. However, assuming the separate input pathways, it is still undetermined whether the two means of processing, utilize the same neurological resources through a common gateway or whether there are dedicated cortical regions for each functionality.

See also

*Feature Detectors
*Motor theory


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Natural language processing — (NLP) is a field of computer science and linguistics concerned with the interactions between computers and human (natural) languages; it began as a branch of artificial intelligence.[1] In theory, natural language processing is a very attractive… …   Wikipedia

  • List of natural language processing toolkits — The following natural language processing toolkits are popular collections of natural language processing software. They are suites of libraries, frameworks, and applications for symbolic, statistical natural language and speech processing. NLP… …   Wikipedia

  • Center for Research in Urdu Language Processing — Founder(s) National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Type Research and Development Founded March, 2001 …   Wikipedia

  • Natural language processing — In der Computerlinguistik wird untersucht, wie natürliche Sprache mit Hilfe des Computers algorithmisch verarbeitet werden kann. Sie ist Teilbereich der Künstlichen Intelligenz und gleichzeitig Schnittstelle zwischen Sprachwissenschaft und… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • natural language processing — noun the branch of information science that deals with natural language information • Syn: ↑NLP, ↑human language technology • Hypernyms: ↑information science, ↑informatics, ↑information processing, ↑IP * * * ˌnatural ˈlanguage processi …   Useful english dictionary

  • natural-language processing — natūraliosios kalbos apdorojimas statusas T sritis informatika apibrėžtis Kompiuterių mokslo ir lingvistikos šaka, tirianti kompiuterines sistemas, galinčias atpažinti ir reaguoti į šnekamąją bei rašytinę žmonių kalbą. atitikmenys: angl. natural… …   Enciklopedinis kompiuterijos žodynas

  • Language module — refers to a hypothesized structure in the human brain (anatomical module) or cognitive system (functional module) that some psycholinguists (e.g., Steven Pinker) claim contains innate capacities for language. According to Jerry Fodor the sine qua …   Wikipedia

  • Language engineering — is the creation of natural language processing systems whose cost and outputs are measurable and predictable as well as establishment of language regulators, such as formal or informal agencies, committees, societies or academies as language… …   Wikipedia

  • Language Log — is a collaborative language blog maintained by University of Pennsylvania phonetician Mark Liberman.The site is updated daily at the whims of the contributors, and most of the posts are on language use in the media and popular culture. Google… …   Wikipedia

  • Language Weaver — is a Los Angeles, California–based company that was founded in 2002 by the University of Southern California s Kevin Knight and Daniel Marcu, to commercialize a statistical approach to automatic language translation and natural language… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”