NPFF

NPFF
Neuropeptide FF-amide peptide precursor
Identifiers
Symbols NPFF; FMRFAL
External IDs OMIM604643 MGI1891708 HomoloGene48236 GeneCards: NPFF Gene
RNA expression pattern
PBB GE NPFF 206402 s at tn.png
PBB GE NPFF 214184 at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 8620 54615
Ensembl ENSG00000139574 ENSMUSG00000023052
UniProt O15130 Q9WVA8
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003717 NM_018787
RefSeq (protein) NP_003708 NP_061257.1
Location (UCSC) Chr 12:
53.9 – 53.9 Mb
Chr 15:
102.35 – 102.36 Mb
PubMed search [1] [2]

NPFF Neuropeptide FF (FLFQPQRFa) is a mammalian amidated neuropeptide originally isolated from bovine brain and characterized as a pain-modulating peptide, with anti-opioid activity on morphine-induced analgesia.

In humans, Neuropeptide FF peptides are encoded by the NPFF gene. Two genes encoding two different receptors (NPFF1 and NPFF2)and two precursors (NPFFA and NPFFB) have been cloned in several mammalian species.[1][2]

Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) and RFamide related peptides issued from two precursors interact with good affinity with two subtypes of G protein-coupled receptors, namely NPFF1 and NPFF2 subtypes and are involved in several physiological functions such as cardiovascular regulation, hormonal control, body temperature homeostasis and pain modulation.[2]

Processing of the NPFFA precursor at basic proteolytic sites should generate a NPFF-containing peptide with three additional N-terminal amino acids different between species, and a NPSF (SLAAPQRFa)-containing peptide, the length of which depends on the species. NPFFB, identified as a precursor for RFamide-related peptides (RFR-P, also called GnIH for Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone), contains a LPLRFa-containing peptide and a peptide sharing with NPFF the same C-terminal PQRFamide motif, such as NPVF (VPNLPQRFa) in human.

NPFF and opioid systems have been shown to interact at several levels, from animal behavior to receptor molecules. Nociception is the physiological function in which this interaction has been the most extensively studied but reward, locomotion, feeding and intestinal motility are also affected. Endogenous opioids are necessary for the analgesic properties of spinally injected NPFF while endogenous NPFF peptides are involved in the process of analgesic tolerance/hyperalgesia induced by chronic opioid treatment.

References

  1. ^ Perry SJ, Yi-Kung Huang E, Cronk D, Bagust J, Sharma R, Walker RJ, Wilson S, Burke JF (Aug 1997). "A human gene encoding morphine modulating peptides related to NPFF and FMRFamide". FEBS Lett 409 (3): 426–30. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00557-7. PMID 9224703. 
  2. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: NPFF neuropeptide FF-amide peptide precursor". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8620. 

Further reading




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