Hungarian dzs

Hungarian dzs

Dzs is the eighth letter, and only trigraph, of the Hungarian alphabet. It is pronounced IPA| [dʒeː] as a letter, and represents the voiced postalveolar affricate (IPA: IPA|/dʒ/).

Length

In several words, it is pronounced long, e.g.
* "menedzser, bridzs, bridzsel, maharadzsa, lodzsa, rádzsa, hodzsa, dodzsem, tádzsik, Tádzsikisztán, Kudzsiri-havasok"in other ones, short, e.g.
* "tinédzser, fridzsider, büdzsé, Fudzsi"It is short without exception:
*next to another consonant: "lándzsa, findzsa, nindzsa, bendzsó, bandzsa, halandzsa, halandzsázik, mandzsetta, Kilimandzsáró, Azerbajdzsán, Mandzsúria"
*and at the beginning of the word: "dzsóker, dzsungel, dzsem, dzsip, dzsida, dzsihád, dzsigg, dzsigoló, dzseki, dzsentri, dzsámi, dzsembori, dzsessz, dzsinn, dzsóker, dzsogging, dzsömper, dzsörzé, dzsunka, dzsuva, dzsúsz, dzsumbuj, dzsúdó, dzsúdzsicu" (both are short), "Dzsenifer, Dzsesszika, Dzsibuti, Dzsószer, Dzsingisz, Dzsungária, Dzsaváharlál, Dzsaipur"

It is not usually doubled even when it is pronounced long, except when a word with this sound has an assimilated suffix: "bridzs + dzsel: briddzsel" (with the bridge game).

Usage

Usage of this letter is similar to in Slovak or Czech. In Hungarian, even though these three characters are put together to make a different sound, they are considered one letter, and even acronyms keep the letter intact. As one can see from the examples above and below, it is almost exclusively used in foreign loanwords, to represent the voiced postalveolar affricate ("j"/"soft g" in English).

Examples

The following are Hungarian loanwords (mostly taken from English) using the trigraph dzs:

*nindzsa = "ninja"
*dzsem = "jam"
*dzsip = "jeep"
*bendzsó = "banjo"
*dzsungel = "jungle"
*dzsessz = "jazz"
*lándzsa = "spear"

See also

* Hungarian alphabet


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