Schout-bij-nacht

Schout-bij-nacht

Schout-bij-nacht is a Dutch Naval rank, equivalent to Rear Admiral in the US Navy and Royal Navy. It is the second most junior Admiral position of the Dutch Navy, ranking above "Commandeur" (Commodore) and below a Vice Admiral ("Vice-admiraal").

The rank of Schout-bij-nacht originated between the 15th and 16th century. Translated as "Watch-at-night", the Schout-bij-Nacht was the officer who supervised the ship when the Captain was asleep.

In later times the Schout-bij-nacht was also the officer who supervised an entire Navy squadron, in the absence of a senior Admiral, and by the 17th century Schout-bij-nacht was the common rank held by the naval commander of a battle fleet's rear squadron.

In the 17th century the navies of Sweden and Denmark-Norway adopted the rank as "schoutbynacht" and the early Imperial Russian Navy as "shautbenakht" (шаутбенахт). In 1724 the Russians, followed in 1771 by both the Swedish navy and the Dano-Norwegian navy changed the name of the rank to Counter Admiral ("kontr-admiral" in Russian, "konteramiral" in Swedish, "kontreadmiral" in Danish and Norwegian).

References

* [http://g3.spraakdata.gu.se/saob/show.phtml?filenr=1/233/59410.html "Schoutbynacht"] in "Svenska Akademiens Ordbok", col. S1417 (1965). (Historical usage in Swedish)
* [http://runeberg.org/nfcd/0612.html "Schoutbynacht"] , in "Nordisk familjebok", vol. 24 (1916) (Swedish navy)


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Schout-bij-nacht — (holländ., spr. ß chaut bei), niederländ. Konteradmiral (s. Admiral) …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Schout bij Nacht — (Schaut bei –), s. Admiral …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • Schout-bij-nacht — Entre le XVe et le XVIIe siècle, Schout bij nacht était un grade de la marine néerlandaise, équivalent à celui d amiral dans l US Navy et la Royal Navy. Dans la marine néerlandaise, ce grade se trouve au dessus de commodore et en dessous de vice… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Schout — In Dutch speaking areas, a schout was a local official appointed to carry out administrative, law enforcement and prosecutorial tasks. The office was abolished with the introduction of administrative reforms during the Napoleonic period.… …   Wikipedia

  • Schout — (spr. schaut), Wasserschout, der Vorstand des Seemannsamtes in Hamburg und in Bremen. S. bij Nacht (niederländ., spr. bei), s.v.w. Konteradmiral …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier — The Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier (Dutch Northern Quarter), also known as the Admiralty of West Friesland, was one of the five admiralties of the Dutch Republic, made up of West Friesland and part of northern Holland. HistoryIt was set up on 6 …   Wikipedia

  • Bataille de Solebay — 52° 24′ N 1° 48′ E / 52.4, 1.8 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Сражение при Солебее — Третья англо голландская война 1672 1674 гг …   Википедия

  • Четырёхдневное сражение — Вторая англо голландская война …   Википедия

  • Amirauté du Quart nord — L admiraliteitskantoor dans le Prinsenhof à Hoorn en 1606 (Westfries Museum) L amirauté du Quart nord (en néerlandais Admiraliteit van het Noorderkwartier), également connue comme amirauté de Frise occidentale, est l une des cinq amirautés des… …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”