GZMB

Granzyme B (granzyme 2, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 1)
PDB rendering based on 1fq3.
Available structures PDB 1FQ3, 1IAU
Identifiers
Symbols	GZMB; CCPI; CGL-1; CGL1; CSP-B; CSPB; CTLA1; CTSGL1; HLP; SECT
External IDs	OMIM: 123910 MGI: 109267 HomoloGene: 108184 GeneCards: GZMB Gene
EC number	3.4.21.79
Gene Ontology Molecular function • serine-type endopeptidase activity • serine-type endopeptidase activity • protein binding • peptidase activity • serine-type peptidase activity Cellular component • immunological synapse • nucleus • cytoplasm • cytosol • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle Biological process • proteolysis • apoptosis • cleavage of lamin • induction of apoptosis by intracellular signals • activation of pro-apoptotic gene products • cytolysis Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3002	14939
Ensembl	ENSG00000100453	ENSMUSG00000015437
UniProt	P10144	Q3TIP3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004131.4	NM_013542.2
RefSeq (protein)	NP_004122.2	NP_038570.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 14: 25.1 – 25.1 Mb	Chr 14: 56.88 – 56.88 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Granzyme B is a serine protease that in humans is encoded by the GZMB gene.^[1] Granzyme B is expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells.

CTL and NK cells share the remarkable ability to recognize specific infected target cells. They are thought to protect their host by inducing apoptosis of cells which bear on their surface 'nonself' antigens, usually peptides or proteins resulting from infection by intracellular pathogens. The protein encoded by this gene is crucial for the rapid induction of target cell apoptosis by CTL in cell-mediated immune response.^[2]

See also

• The Proteolysis Map
• Granzyme

References

1. ^ Dahl CA, Bach FH, Chan W, Huebner K, Russo G, Croce CM, Herfurth T, Cairns JS (May 1990). "Isolation of a cDNA clone encoding a novel form of granzyme B from human NK cells and mapping to chromosome 14". Hum Genet 84 (5): 465–70. PMID 2323780. 
2. ^ "Entrez Gene: GZMB granzyme B (granzyme 2, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 1)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3002. 

Further reading

• Trapani JA (1996). "Target cell apoptosis induced by cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells involves synergy between the pore-forming protein, perforin, and the serine protease, granzyme B.". Australian and New Zealand journal of medicine 25 (6): 793–9. PMID 8770355. 
• Cohen GM (1997). "Caspases: the executioners of apoptosis.". Biochem. J. 326 ( Pt 1): 1–16. PMC 1218630. PMID 9337844. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1218630. 
• Trapani JA, Sutton VR (2004). "Granzyme B: pro-apoptotic, antiviral and antitumor functions.". Curr. Opin. Immunol. 15 (5): 533–43. doi:10.1016/S0952-7915(03)00107-9. PMID 14499262. 

External Links

• The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: S01.010