United States Army No. 101

United States Army No. 101

Infobox Locomotive
name=US Army 101 "General Pershing"
powertype=Steam


caption=US Army No. 101, a Consolidation type 2-8-0 on display at the National Railroad Museum on April 26 2004. This locomotive was built for use in France during WWI but never made it there. The original European style cab was replaced by an American style.
gauge=RailGauge|ussg|lk=on
totalproduction = 1,500 est.
whytetype=2-8-0
uicclass=1'D
railroad=United States Army
wheelbase=convert|23|ft|8|in|m|2|abbr=on
builddate=1916–1918
builder=Baldwin Locomotive Works
length=
weight=convert|166400|lb|abbr=on
weightondrivers=convert|150000|lb|abbr=on
tractiveeffort=convert|35400|lbf|kN|abbr=on|lk=on
cylindersize=convert|21|x|28|in|mm|0|abbr=on
cylindercount=Two
fueltype = Coal
boilerpressure=
driversize=convert|56|in|m|3|abbr=on
waterc
convert|5400|usgal|abbr=on
firearea = convert|32.7|sqft|abbr=on
superheaterarea=convert|420|sqft|abbr=on
factorofadhesion = 4.24
lastrundate=
currentowner=National Railroad Museum
disposition=Non-operational, on display

US Army 101 is a 2-8-0 steam locomotive that was originally operated by the United States Army. It is one of two survivors of the 1,500 "General Pershing" locomotives built in 1916–1918 for the War Department in World War I. The 101 went on to see action in three wars — WWI, WWII, and Korea.

History of the 101

The history of the 101 is something of a mystery. What we do know is that it was built for the US Army for use in WWI by Baldwin Locomotive Works. It was owned by the US Army until it was donated to Korea to help fight for Korea's freedom.

In 1953, the 101 was recovered from damaged areas and reconstructed by the Army Transportation Corps., under the direction of Col. George Simpson. It seems that the 101 was still property of the Korean Republic however. Col. George Simpson, Harold T.I. Shannon, and Harold E. Fuller started to talk with the Korean Republic about donating the engine to the National Railroad Museum.

In 1958 Korean Republic President Syngman Rhee donated the locomotive as a gift from the Korean people. Over 300 newspapers carried the story of the arrival of the engine and this is how the struggling National Railroad Museum started to gain national attention. On May 30, 1959, General Pershing was presented with a Certificate of Service from the United states Army. The certificate was presented to the Museum by the Secretary of the Army.

Any other information this is to be found on the Internet or in print is suspicious at best. There are at least three different versions of the history of the 101 floating around.

History according the National Railroad Museum

According the National Railroad Museum Highlight and Data Catalog, the General Pershing saw action in France in 1918, Army camps in WWII, and was sent to Korea in 1951. (National Railroad Museum - Highlight and Data Catalog, p.14)

History according to David P. Morgan

David P. Morgan wrote and article for the June 1959 issue of Trains magazine. In it he says "On July 18, 1917, the U. S. Government ordered 150 2-8-0's from the Baldwin Locomotive Works for service in France. The first engine was delivered just 20 days later, since the design virtually duplicated (except for its superheater) that of the Consolidations Baldwin was building for the British War Office. The 150th engine got only as far as Norfolk, Va., where it was reassigned as a switcher to Fortress Monroe. In 1925 the Army overhauled the stay-at-home, named her the General Pershing, and kept her at work on local bases. During World War II the Pershing chuffed about Army camps in the South. Finally in 1947 she and 100 World War II surplus Army engines were donated to the Republic of Korea. When the Korean conflict broke out the veteran 2-8-0 was switching at Pusan. She soon saw combat, won fame as "the darling of the Military Railway Service." In January 1959 she came home, a gift of Korean President Rhee to the Green Bay (Wis.) National Railroad Museum. So some old engines, like old military men, do not fade away." (Trains Magazine)

Historical hiccups

"General Pershing" carries Baldwin serial number 48714, with a built date of May 1918. However, if the "General Pershing" was really built in the first order of locomotives in 1917 the serial number would be lower.

Chronology

As best as can be figured out, this is the history of the "General Pershing".

*1917 - Built
*1919-1937 - Ft. Monroe, Norfolk Army Base
*1925 - Modernized and new cab
*1940 - Modernized and new cab
*1942 - Wreck en route to Camp Blanding Florida from Ft. Benning, Georgia
*1945 - Storage
*1947 - Shipped to Korea
*1959 - Shipped to National Railroad Museum

Numbers the "General Pershing" carried

As best as can be figured out, this is the numbering history of the "General Pershing".

*8341 - Utility Railroad Service
*6779 - upon arrival in Korea
*765 - After the 765th Transportation Shop Bn. rebuilt it.
*101 - Korean National Railways

Surviving "Pershing" Class Locomotives

*US Army No. 101
*Texas State Railroad No. 300

References

*wikicite|id=NRM-H&DC|reference=Unknown Author(s) (Uknown Year after July, 1973). "National Railroad Museum - Highlight and Data Catalog", Castle-Pierce Press.
*wikicite|id=Trains06-59|reference=Albert Carpenter Kalmbach, ed. (1959). "Trains Magazine", Kalmbach Publishing Co.

External links

* [http://www.nationalrrmuseum.org/ National Railroad Museum]
* [http://griffincunningham.net/Griffin/MAIN/Famous101.htm/ William M. Griffin - One of the guys who worked on the General Pershing in Korea.]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • United States Army — Wappen des Department of the Army Aufstellung 1789 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • United States Army — L actuel logo de l US Army …   Wikipédia en Français

  • United States Army Criminal Investigation Command — Abbreviation CID United States Army Criminal Investigation Command seal …   Wikipedia

  • United States Army Corps of Engineers — Infobox Military Unit unit name=U.S. Army Corps of Engineers caption=USACE Logo dates=June 15, 1775 Present country=United States allegiance= branch=United States Army type= role= size= 34,600 civilian and 650 military members command structure=… …   Wikipedia

  • United States Army Air Service — Infobox Military Unit unit name=United States Army Air Service caption= dates=1918 05 24 to 1926 07 02 country= United States of America allegiance= branch=United States Army type= role= size= 195,024 men, 7,900 aircraft (1918) 9,954 men, 1,451… …   Wikipedia

  • United States Army Rangers — Wappen des 75th Ranger Regimentes Die United States Army Rangers (75th Ranger Regiment, 75th Rgr Rgt) sind Teil des Army Special Operations Command und stellen nach dem United States Army Special Forces Command (Airborne), besser bekannt als… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Nurse Corps (United States Army) — Army Nurse Corps (U.S. Army) The Army Nurse Corps branch insignia Active 1901 – present day Country United States …   Wikipedia

  • Regimentssystem der United States Army — Das Regimentssystem der United States Army engl. United States Army Regimental System (USARS) ist seit 1981 die Festlegung der Regimentsstruktur in der US Army. Jeder aktive Soldat der US Army sowie Reservist der US Army Reserve und Army National …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Selbstständige Kampfverbände der United States Army — Die Selbstständigen Kampfverbände der United States Army (englisch: „Combat maneuver organizations“) bezeichnet die Gesamtheit der selbstständig einsetzbaren Kampfeinheiten der US Army. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Divisionen und Brigaden 2 Liste der… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Special Forces (United States Army) — Infobox Military Unit unit name= Special Forces branch caption=United States Army Special Forces shoulder sleeve insignia nickname=Green Berets motto= De Oppresso Liber ( To Liberate the Oppressed ) colors= march= ceremonial chief= type= Special… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”