Joseph Henry Pendleton

Infobox Military Person
name=Joseph Henry Pendleton
born= birth date|1860|6|2
died= Death date and age|1942|2|4|1860|6|2
placeofbirth= Rochester, Pennsylvania
placeofdeath=Coronado, California


caption= Major General Joseph Henry Pendleton
nickname=
allegiance= United States of America
branch=United States Marine Corps
serviceyears= 1884-1924
rank= Major General
commands=
unit=
battles=Spanish-American War Philippine-American War
laterwork=Major General Joseph Henry Pendleton (June 2, 1860 - February 4, 1942) was a United States Marine Corps general for whom Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton is named.cite web
accessdate=
url=http://www.cpp.usmc.mil/cpao/pages/about/history/Pendleton.htm
archivedate=2007-06-07
archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20070607202053/http://www.cpp.usmc.mil/cpao/pages/about/history/Pendleton.htm
title=The Man Behind the Name
publisher=Camp Pendleton, United States Marine Corps] Pendleton served in the Marine Corps for over 40 years.

Biography

Joseph Henry Pendleton was born on 2 June, 1860 in Rochester, Pennsylvania, to Joseph Rhodes Pendleton and Martha Jane Cross. [ [http://www.sdgenealogy.org/josephpendleton.html Joseph Henry Pendleton ] ] He was appointed to the United States Naval Academy in 1878. He graduated from the Naval Academy and was appointed a second lieutenant on 1 July, 1884.

Early Marine Corps career

His first duty was performed at the Marine Barracks, Navy Yard, New York where he served from 31 August, 1884 to 7 February, 1885. From here Second Lieutenant Pendleton went to Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and joined the USS "Pensacola" on 20 March, 1885. On 6 March, 1888, Lieutenant Pendleton reported at the Marine Barracks, New York. His next duty was at the Marine Barracks, Mare Island, California, where he served from 24 May, 1889 to 12 May, 1892, but between 21 June, and 14 October, 1891, he was on temporary detached duty on board the AL-KI, cruising in the Bering Sea.

First Lieutenant Pendleton served at the Marine Barracks, Sitka, Alaska, from 5 June, 1892 to 28 June, 1894 and also from 3 November, 1899 to 21 March, 1904. On 28 June, 1891, Pendleton was promoted to the grade of first lieutenant. During the period intervening between these two tours of duty in Alaska, Lieutenant Pendleton served at Marine Barracks in Washington, D.C., New York, Annapolis, and on board the USS "Yankee".

First Lieutenant Pendleton was promoted to captain on 3 March, 1899 and to major on 3 March, 1903. After being detached from the Marine Barracks, Sitka, Alaska, on 21 March, 1904, Major Pendleton reported to the Marine Barracks, Mare Island, California, on 2 April, 1904. On 28 May, 1904, he joined the First Brigade of Marines in the Philippine Islands and on 7 April, 1905. reported at Olongapo, Philippine Islands, where he served until 27 January, 1906.

From 5 February, to 26 July, 1906, Major Pendleton commanded the Marines on the Island of Guam. From 29 September, 1906 to 20 September, 1909, Major Pendleton commanded the Marine Barracks, at Puget Sound, Bremerton, Washington.

ervice in Cuba and the Philippines

On 1 January, 1908, Major Pendleton was promoted to the grade of lieutenant colonel. Lieutenant Colonel Pendleton joined the First Brigade of Marines in the Philippines for his second tour of duty there, on 4 November, 1902. He performed duty as the Commanding Officer of the First Brigade and the Post Commander, and Commanding Officer of the First Brigade and the Post Commander, and Commanding Officer of the First Regiment, at Olongapo. On 23 May, 1911, Lieutenant Colonel Pendleton was promoted to the grade of colonel.

ervice in Nicaragua and Cuba, 1912-1913

He was detached from the Philippine Islands on 6 May, 1912 and returned to the United States via the Suez Canal and Europe, reporting to the Marine Barracks Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on 1 August, 1912. Colonel Pendleton was detached on temporary foreign shore service from 23 August, 1912, until 16 December, 1912. This foreign service covered the period of the 1912 operations in Nicaragua. Colonel Pendleton was in command of the Marines during this campaign in the skirmishes at Massaya and Chichigalpa, and the capture of Coyotepe and Leon. From 19 February, to 1 June, 1913, Colonel Pendleton was absent with an expeditionary force at Guatanamo Bay, Cuba. On 20 August, 1913, he was detached from the Marine Barracks at Portsmouth.

From 13 September, 1913 to 19 December, 1914, Colonel Pendleton was in command of the Marine Barracks at Puget Sound, Washington, and was absent on expeditionary duty for a good part of this period.

ervice in San Diego

He was absent in command of the Fourth Regiment from 17 April, to 19 December, 1914, on board the USS "South Dakota", and at Camp Howard, North Island, San Diego. From 19 December, 1914 to 3 February, 1916, Colonel Pendleton was in command of the Fourth Regiment at San Diego, part of the time being absent on expeditionary duty and temporary sea duty with the Pacific Fleet.

From 3 February, to 31 December, 1916, Colonel Pendleton was in command of the Marine Barracks at San Diego, but from 6 June, to 31 December, 1916, he was absent on expeditionary duty in command of the Fourth Regiment. He was placed in command of all Naval Forces ashore in Santo Domingo on 19 June, 1916. Colonel Pendleton was promoted to Brigadier General on 29 August, 1916.

On 22 November, 1916, Brigadier General Pendleton was detailed to command the Second Provisional Brigade in Santo Domingo, and on 31 December, 1916 was detached from the Marine Barracks, San Diego, and assigned to permanent duty in Santo Domingo. Brigadier General Pendleton was acting Military Governor of Santo Domingo from 29 October, to 29 November, 1917, and on 18 March, 1918 was designated Military Governor of Santo Domingo, temporarily in the absence of the Military Governor. He was detached from Santo Domingo on 21 October, 1918 and reported to Headquarters, Marine Corps, Washington, D.C. on 28 October, 1918.

From 11 November, 1918 to 25 September, 1919, Brigadier General Pendleton commanded the Marine Barracks at Parris Island, South Carolina, and on 1 October, 1919, joined the Second Advanced Base Force at San Diego, as its Commanding General.

From 1 October, to 7 November, 1921, General Pendleton was in command of the Department of the Pacific at San Francisco. Upon the establishment of the Fifth Brigade of Marines in 4 October, 1921, General Pendleton was assigned to that organization as the commanding officer. In addition to these duties he was assigned the additional duty as Commanding General Department of the Pacific in the absence of General Barnett, from 13 May, 1922 to 2 September, 1922.Pendleton was promoted to Major General on December 10, 1923.

From 9 February, to 29 March, 1924, General Pendleton was on duty inspecting Marine Corps stations and organizations in Central America and West Indies. After this inspection trip, he was on a short tour of duty at Headquarters Marine Corps and on 12 May, 1924, he resumed duties at San Diego, as Commanding Officer of the Fifth Brigade Marines.

Retirement

On 2 June, 1924, at age 64, General Pendleton was retired after 46 years of service in the Marine Corps. He settled in Coronado, California. He served as mayor of Coronado from 1928 to 1930. He died on 4 February, 1942, at his home at age 81.

Awards and decorations

Pendleton's awards include the Navy Cross and the Distinguished Service Medal.

Namesakes

In addition to Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, the following bear Pendleton's name:
*"Pendleton Hall", the Depot Headquarters building at the Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego.cite web|accessdate=2007-10-08
url=http://www.mcrdmuseumhistoricalsociety.org/dayhall/archives/buildings.htm
title=Named Buildings at MCRD San Diego
publisher=MCRD Museum Historical Society]

Mary Fay Pendleton Elementary School was named after Joseph Pendleton's wife, Mary.

ee also

References

:Marine Corps
*cite web
accessdate=2007-10-30
url=http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who/Pendleton_JH.htm
title=Major General Joseph Henry Pendleton, USMC
work=Who's Who in Marine Corps History
publisher=History Division, United States Marine Corps

*cite web
accessdate=2007-10-30
url=http://www.militarymuseum.org/Pendleton.html
title=Californians and the Military: Major General Joseph H. Pendleton, USMC (1860-1942)
author=Denger, Mark J.
work=California Military History
publisher=The California Military Museum

*findagrave|5035411 Retrieved on 2007-10-30.

External links

*cite web
accessdate=2007-10-30
url=http://www.militarymuseum.org/SDMarines.html#20
title=Camp Pendleton
work=Historic California Posts: A Brief History of the U.S. Marine Corps in San Diego
author=Denger, Mark J.
publisher=California Military Museum

*cite web
accessdate=2007-10-30
url=http://www.bchistory.org/beavercounty/BeaverCountyTopical/Military/Chapt8--MilitaryHist/Ch8Pendelton.html
title=The Roots of a Proud Military Tradition: Major General Joseph Henry Pendleton
work=Military History
author=Oswald, Richard