MS Bleu de France

M/S "Bleu de France" is a cruise ship owned and operated by the French cruise line, CDF Croisières de France. It was originally built in 1981 by Bremer Vulkan, Germany for Hapag-Lloyd Cruises as M/S "Europa". In 1999 the "Europa" was sold to Star Cruises and it was renamed M/S "SuperStar Europe" and year later M/S "Superstar Aries". In 2004 Star Cruises sold the ship to its current owners. In May 2008 she entered service for CDF Croisières de France and was renamed M/S "Bleu de France".

Concept and construction

Since its formation in 1970, Hapag-Lloyd has operated the former North German Lloyd liner "Europa" (originally Swedish American Line's "Kungsholm") as the flagship of their cruise services. [cite web |url=http://www.faktaomfartyg.se/kungsholm_1953.htm |title=M/S Kungsholm (1953) |accessdate=2008-01-29 |author=Micke Asklander |language=in Swedish |format= |work=Fakta om Fartyg ] By the late 1970s the decision was made to replace the then-current "Europa" with a new state-of-the-art ship tailored specifically for the German cruise market, also to be called "Europa". The new "Europa" would be the third ship to bear the name in the North German Lloyd/Hapag-Lloyd fleet. Designed before the advent of the mega cruise ship, at 33,000 gross register tons the new "Europa" was to be amongst the largest passenger ships in the world at the time, surpassed only by the ocean liner RMS "Queen Elizabeth 2" and the cruise ship SS "Norway" (also originally an ocean liner).

The order for the new "Europa" was placed with the Bremer Vulkan shipyard in Bremen, the home city of North German Lloyd. The ship was launched on 22 December 1980, and delivered to her owners on 5 December 1981.

During her subsequent career the former "Europa" has undergone two notable rebuildings. First in 1999, in preparation for entering service with Star Cruises as "SuperStar Europe", the ship was docked at Sembawang shipyard in Singapore for a $15 million refit. The most notable external change was the addition of new balconies to the suites under the bridge wings. In 2004 she was rebuilt again, this time in preparation for entering service with Pullmantur Cruises as "Holiday Dream", but then the rebuilding was mostly limited to redecorations of the public spaces. She has recently gone through a 30 million € refit in Barcelona during the spring of 2008 to prepare for her transfer to the fleet of CDF Croisières de France.cite web |url=http://www.turunsanomat.fi/talous/?ts=1,3:1004:0:0,4:4:0:1:2008-01-24,104:4:513412,1:0:0:0:0:0: |title=MML Shipbuildingille tilaus risteilijän korjaustöistä |accessdate=2008-01-24 |author=Jukka Vehmanen |date=2001-01-24 |work= |publisher=Turun Sanomat |language=In Finnish ]

ervice history

With Hapag-Lloyd

The "Europa" left on her maiden voyage from Genoa on 8 January 1982, to destinations in Africa. Subsequently she was used for luxury cruising all over the world, including on the Amazon River.cite book |title=Monarchs of the Seas |last=Ulrich |first=Kurt |year= |publisher=Tauris Parke |location= |isbn=1 86064 3736 |pages=pp. 236-237 ]

On 30 April 1992 the "Europa" collided with the Greece-registered container ship "Inchon Glory" outside Hong Kong. No passengers onboard the "Europa" were injured. Initially she was towed to Kaohsiung, Taiwan, where passengers were evacuated. Subsequently the ship was towed to Singapore for repairs. After lengthy repairs the "Europa" re-entered service on 7 July 1992.

In the mid-1990s Hapag-Lloyd decided to order a replacement for the "Europa" (again, also named "Europa"). [cite web |url=http://www.faktaomfartyg.se/europa_1999.htm |title=M/S Europa (1999) |accessdate=2008-01-29 |author=Micke Asklander |language=in Swedish |format= |work=Fakta om Fartyg ] In preparation for delivery of the new "Europa", the 1981 "Europa" was sold to Star Cruises on 5 April 1998, but chartered back to Hapag-Lloyd until 30 June 1999.

With Star Cruises

Star Cruises took over the "Europa" in Hamburg on 1 July 1999. On the same date she was renamed "SuperStar Europe", and five days later left Hamburg for Singapore, where she arrived on 31 July 1999. After rebuilding at Sembawang shipyard, the "SuperStar Europe" entered service for Star Cruises in October 1999, initially with Laem Chabang as her port of departure. After just five months of service as "SuperStar Europe", the ship was renamed "Superstar Aries" in February 2000.

In March 2001 Star Cruises announced that the "SuperStar Aries" would be transferred to the fleet of their subsidiary Orient Lines in 2002 as the "Ocean Voyager". However, the plans were shelved following the drop in passenger numbers caused by the September 11, 2001 attacks.cite web |url=http://www.simplonpc.co.uk/Europa1981PCs.html |title=Europa (1981) |accessdate=2008-01-29 |author=Ian Boyle |language= |format= |work=Simplon Postcards ] As a result the "SuperStar Aries" was transferred to cruising from Thailand and China. She stayed in Star Cruises fleet until March 2004, when she was sold to the Spain-based Pullmantur Cruises.

With Pullmantur Cruises

Pullmantur Cruises renamed the ship "Holiday Dream", and she was used for cruises aimed at a Spanish-speaking clientele. She regularly operated routes in the Caribbean.

Transfer to Croisières de France

In September 2007 Royal Caribbean International, the new owner of Pullmantur Cruises, made public their plans for Croisières de France, a new cruise line aimed at the French market. The "Holiday Dream" was given a 30 million € refit at Barcelona by the Finnish MML Shipbuilding in spring 2008, with her interiors refurbished to suit French cultural tastes. Following the refit the ship was renamed "Bleu de France" and has entered service as the first ship of the Croisières de France brand. [ [http://www.cruisebusiness.com/news.php?u=20070913163412 Cruise Business Review: Royal Caribbean starts new cruise line dedicated to French market] , retrieved 14. 10. 2007] During the north hemisphere summer season she will operate cruises in the Mediterranean out of Marseille, while for the winter season she will offer cruises on the Caribbean, with the La Romana, Dominican Republic as the starting point. [cite web |url=http://dougnewmanatsea.wordpress.com/2007/09/13/royal-caribbean-announces-cdf-croisieres-de-france/ |title=Royal Caribbean Announces CDF Croisières de France |accessdate=2008-01-30 |date=2007-09-13 |format= |author=Doug Newman |work=At Sea with Doug Newman ]

Design

Exterior

Although Hapag-Lloyd originally considered a traditional two-funnel design for the fourth "Europa", they finally opted for a modern, balanced design. The superstructure is moderately streamlined, with the boat deck located relatively high. The rear decks are tiered to allow a large amount of outer deck space.

The exterior design of the "Europa" is very similar to the "Astor" of Hadag Cruise Line (as of 2008 sailing as "Astoria" for Transocean Tours), built at the same time as the "Europa" by HDW Hamburg. [cite web |url=http://www.faktaomfartyg.se/astor_1981.htm |title=M/S Astor (1981) |accessdate=2008-01-30 |author=Micke Asklander |language=in Swedish |format= |work=Fakta om Fartyg ]

Interior

For the interior of the ship, Hapag-Lloyd decided to adapt a design previously used in cruiseferries such as "Svea Corona" of 1975 and "Finnjet" of 1977, with the interiors divided vertically. Cabins are located to the front of the ship, furthest away from engine noise, while public spaces and various storages—where engine noise is not as big of an issue as in cabins—are located at the rear of the ship, above the engines. Most of the public spaces were built with higher than standard ceiling height.

The current public spaces include a main dining room spanning the entire width of the ship, a showlounge, a casino (originally a lounge), a buffet restaurant, tapas bar and several bars. There are two outdoor pools, the forward of which can be covered by a glass dome (magrodome) in poor weather. There is an additional indoor swimming pool, originally designed as a crew pool but taken into public use during one of the ship's refits.

Each cabin on the ship was completely pre-fabricated, with complete furnishing and soundproofing, and individually installed onboard the ship. The ship was originally built with spacious cabins, all of which include illuminated closets, color television and a VCR, with many cabins equipped with a bathtub. The 1999 refit added six suites in the place of former officer's cabins, while balconies were added to the pre-existing suites under the bridge wings.

Decks and facilities

Decks and facilities based on Croisières de France deck plans, which include only the decks accessible to passengers.

# Unknown
# "Lagon deck" - sauna, beauty salon, spa, swimming pool
# Unknown
# "Indigo deck" - medical center, interior and exterior cabins
# "Marine deck" - interior and exterior cabins
# "Cyan deck" - interior and exterior cabins
# "Saphir deck" - interior and exterior cabins, reception, café, le Flamboyant dining room
# "Cobalt deck" - interior and exterior cabins, boutique, bar, le Grand Salon showroom, sundeck
# "Turquoise deck" - suites, exterior cabins, casino, discotheque, tapas bar, promenade deck, sundeck, swimming pool
# "Horizon deck" - bridge, suites, exterior cabins, buffet restaurant, sundeck
# "Outremer deck" - bars, lido café, sundeck, swimming pool
# "Azur deck" - sundeck, solarium

References

Links

*fr icon [http://www.cdfcroisieresdefrance.fr/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=34&Itemid=59 CDF Croisières de France website for "Bleu de France"]

[http://ships.galutschek.at/europa_v/ Video Clips of ms Europa (now Bleu de France) ]