- James Dunwoody Brownson DeBow
James Dunwoody Brownson DeBow (
1820 -February 27 ,1867 ) was an Americanpublisher andstatistician , best known for his influentialmagazine "DeBow's Review ", who also served as head of theU.S. Census from 1853-1857.A resident of
New Orleans , DeBow used his magazine to advocate the expansion of southernagriculture andcommerce so that the southern economy could become independent of the North. He warned constantly of the South's "colonial" relationship with the North, one in which the South was at a distinct disadvantage.DeBow became nationally known for an editorial he penned about the status of the territory obtained from the
Mexican Cession of 1848. He claimed that the federal Union could collapse if the North overpowered the southern states in theUnited States House of Representatives . Moreover, one additional free state at the time would have tipped the balance in theUnited States Senate to the North, which had the large majority of the population.DeBow hence proposed a legislative compromise to guarantee southern rights in a northern-majority Union.
U.S. Senator Henry Clay ofKentucky took up the cause and cemented together a five-partCompromise of 1850 , which permitted the admission ofCalifornia into the Union as a free state. However, southerners were given a concession: a strongerFugitive Slave Law consistent with the original wording of the Constitution. DeBow later opposed the fugitive slave measure on the grounds that runaway slaves could likely gain freedom in the North from sympathetic anti-slavery juries.Among the authors who contributed to "DeBow's Review" was the southern surgeon and medical writer
Samuel A. Cartwright , an authority on the establishment of sanitary conditions and also an advocate of the pro-slavery argument.In 1866, he became the first president of the proposed
Tennessee and Pacific Railroad , a business venture that he would not live to see fulfilled. Less than a year later, DeBow died ofperitonitis , which he contracted on a trip to visit his brother inNew Jersey .References
http://cghs.dadeschools.net/slavery/defense_of_slavery/theorists/theorists.htm
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