Lists of emperors

=Emperors of traditional empires=

Ancient empires

*Persian Empire (559 BC–330 BC)—see List of kings of Persia
*Empire of Alexander the Great (334 BC–281 BC)
*Mauryan Empire (321 BC–185 BC)—see Mauryan dynasty
*China (Empire 221 BC–1911)—see Emperor of China and Table of Chinese monarchs
*Funan (68-550)-see List of Kings of Cambodia
*Roman Empire (27 BC–476)—see List of Roman Emperors
*Ethiopia (Empire ca. 3rd century–1975)—see Emperor of Ethiopia, Rulers and heads of state of Ethiopia, and Kings of Axum

Middle Ages

Western and Byzantine traditions

*Byzantine Empire (395–1453)—see List of Byzantine Emperors—and its rival & split-offs,
**Latin Empire of Constantinople (1204–1261, with the title of (Latin) "Emperor of Constantinople" continuing to 1383)
**Empire of Nicaea (1204–1261)—"Byzantine Empire" in exile during the rule of the "Latin Empire" over Constantinople.
**Empire of Trebizond (1204–1461)—Another split of the "Byzantine Empire"
**Despotate of Epirus (1204–1359)—Despot Theodore Doukas emperor 1227–1230
*Holy Roman Empire (800 and 962–1806)—see List of Holy Roman Emperors
*Bulgaria (Empire 913–1422)—see List of Bulgarian monarchs
* Serbia (Empire 1345–1371)—see List of Serbian monarchs
* Muscovy (Empire 1480–1721)—continued in Imperial Russia from 1721 (see below)

Other

*Chenla (550-802)-see List of Kings of Cambodia
*The first ruler of Vietnam to take the title of Emperor (Hoang De) was the founder of the Dinh Dynasty, Dinh Bo Linh, in the year AD 966—see List of Vietnamese dynasties
*Japan (monarchs known as tenno from 7th century CE)—see Emperor of Japan and List of Emperors of Japan
*Khmer Empire (802-1431)-see List of Kings of Cambodia

*Ottoman Empire (1299–1922)—see Ottoman dynasty
*Aztec Empire (1375–1521)—see Hueyi Tlatoani
*Inca Empire (1438–1533)—see Sapa Inca
*Mongol Empire (1206–1634)—see List of Mongol Khans
*Persian Empire (Iran) (1501–1979)—see List of kings of Persia
*Mughal Empire (1526–1857)—see List of Mughal emperors
*Durrani Empire (1747–1823)
*Talpur dynasty (1783–1843)

Newer empires

*Austrian Empire, 1804–1867 and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, 1867–1918 (both under the Habsburgs)
*British Empire "de jure" 1877—1947
**India (under the British Raj with British Monarch as Emperor of India, 1876–1947)
*Empire of Brazil (Peter I, 1822–1831 and Peter II, 1831–1889)
*France:
**First French Empire (Napoleon I, 1804–1814, 1815)
**Second French Empire (Napoleon III, 1852–1870)
*German Empire (under the Hohenzollerns, 1871–1918)
*Russian Empire (under the Romanovs, 1721–1917)
*Korean Empire (Gojong, 1897–1907 and Sunjong, 1907–1910)

Emperors of short-lived "empires"

*Emperor Jacques I of the Empire of Haiti (1804–1806)
*Emperor Augustin of the first Mexican Empire (1822–1823)
*Emperor Faustin I of the Empire of Haiti (1847–1859)
*Emperor Maximilian of the second Mexican Empire (1864–1867)
*Emperor Sylvain I of the Empire of Haiti (1868–1870, not confirmed [http://www.4dw.net/royalark/Haiti/haiti5.htm] )
*Emperor Hongxian of China (1915–1916)
*Emperor Bokassa I of the Central African Empire (1976–1979)

Self-proclaimed "emperors"

:"See also Self-proclaimed monarchy and micronation"These characters are historical fiction in terms of political power, but their claims concern real territory in their lifetime, not in fictional time and space
*Emperor Norton I of the United States (1859–1880)

Fictional emperors

:"See "