Rickenella

Taxobox | name = Rickenella
regnum = Fungi
subregnum = Dikarya
phylum = Basidiomycota
subphylum = Agaricomycotina
classis = Agaricomycetes
ordo = Hymenochaetales
familia = Repetobasidiaceae
genus = "Rickenella"
subdivision_ranks = speciesA genus of brightly colored bryophilous agarics in the Hymenochaetales that have an omphalinoid morphology [cite journal | author=Redhead, S.A. "et al." |year=2002a | title=Phylogeny of agarics: partial systematics solutions for bryophilous omphalinoid agarics outside of the Agaricales (euagarics)| journal=Mycotaxon | volume=82 | pages=151–168] [cite journal | author=Redhead, S.A. "et al." |year=2002b | title=Phylogeny of agarics: partial systematics solutions for core omphalinoid genera in the Agaricales (euagarics)| journal=Mycotaxon | volume=83 | pages=19–57] [cite journal | author=Larsson, K.-H. "et al." |year=2004 | title=High phylogenetic diversity among corticioid homobasidiomycetes| journal=Mycol. Res.| volume=108| pages=983–1002 | doi=10.1017/S0953756204000851] cite journal | author=Dentinger, B.T.M. & McLaughlin, D.J.' |year=2006| title=Reconstructing the Clavariaceae using nuclear large subunit rDNA sequences and a new genus segregated from "Clavaria"| journal=Mycologia | volume=98 | issue=5 | pages=746–762| doi=10.3852/mycologia.98.5.746] [http://www.mykoweb.com/CAF/species/Rickenella_fibula.html] [http://www.naturephoto-cz.com/rickenella-fibula:rickenella-fibula-photo-3698.html] [http://www.mushroomexpert.com/rickenella_fibula.html] . They inhabit mosses on mossy soils, peats, tree trunks and logs in temperate regions of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Phylogenetically related agarics are in the genera "Contumyces", "Gyroflexus", "Loreleia", "Cantharellopsis" and "Blasiphalia", as well as the stipitate-stereoid genera "Cyphellostereum" and "Cotylidia"cite journal | author=Larsson, K.-H. "et al." |year=2006 [2007] | title=Hymenochaetales: a molecular phylogeny for the hymenochaetoid clade| journal=Mycologia | volume=98 | issue=6 | pages=926–936 | doi=10.3852/mycologia.98.6.926] and the clavaroid genus, "Alloclavaria". "Rickenella" is most similar to "Contumyces" and "Blasiphalia", from the former differing by having its cystidia on the pileus, stipe, and hymenium solitary and scattered. The hair-like cystidia on the pileus and stipe give the small mushrooms a fuzzy appearance when viewed through a magnifying glass or hand lens [cite journal | author=Norvell, L.L. "et al." |year=1994 | title=Omphalina sensu lato in North America. 1-2: 1: Omphalina wynniae and the genus Chrysomphalina. 2: Omphalina sensu Bigelow| journal=Mycotaxon | volume=50 | pages=379–407] [cite journal | author=Kuyper, T.W.|year=1986| title=Generic delimitation in European omphalinoid Tricholomataceae. La Famiglia delle Tricholomataceae. Atti del Convegno Internazionale de 10-15 settembre 1984|journal=Atti del Centro Studi per la Fora Mediterranea| volume=6| pages=83–104] . This helps to distinguish the genus from genera like "Loreleia", which can be orange colored and inhabits similar sites, as well as other brightly pigmented omphalinoid genera. "Rickenella" does not produce massive clasping, hand-like appresoria on the rhizoids of its host, as does "Blasiphalia". Instead, "Rickenella" produces a small appresorium or no appresoria and penetrates the rhizoids of its moss hosts, growing within the cells [cite journal | author=Redhead, S.A.|year=1981| title=Parasitism of bryophytes by agarics| journal=Canad. Jour. Bot.| volume=59| pages=63–67] [cite journal | author=Kost, G.|year=1986| title=Morphology, anatomy and biology of species of the genus "Rickenella". La Famiglia delle Tricholomataceae. Atti del Convegno Internazionale de 10-15 settembre 1984|journal=Atti del Centro Studi per la Fora Mediterranea| volume=6| pages=63–81] [cite journal | author=Bresinsky, A. & Schötz, A.|year=2006| title=Behaviour in cultures and habitat requirements of species within the genera "Loreleia" and "Rickenella" (Agaricales)| journal=Acta Mycol.| volume=41| pages=189–208]

"Blasiphalia" is a recent segregate of "Rickenella".

Etymology

"Rickenella" was named after the German mycologist, Adalbert Ricken, author of "Die Blätterpilze (Agaricaceae) (1915) Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Länder, besonders Oesterreichs und der Schweiz" [http://caliban.mpiz-koeln.mpg.de/~stueber/ricken/]

References