Kumyk language

Kumyk language

language
name=Kumyk
nativename=Кумык
familycolor=Altaic
states=Russia
region=Dagestan
speakers=282,000
fam1=Altaic
fam2=Turkic
fam3=Kypchak
fam4=Kypchak-Cuman
script=Cyrillic alphabet
iso2=kum
iso3=kum

Kumyk (also Qumuq, Kumuk, Kumuklar or Kumyki) (Кумык) is a Turkic language, spoken by about 200,000 speakers (the Kumyks) in the Dagestan republic of Russian Federation.

Yırçı Qazaq (born 1839) is usually considered to be a founder of Kumyk literature. Kumyk was written using Arabic script until 1928, using Latin script from 1928-1938, and using Cyrillic since then.

The first regular newspapers and magazines appeared in 1917-18. Currently, the newspaper "Ёлдаш" ("Yoldash", "Companion"), the successor of the Soviet-era "Ленин ёлу" ("Lenin yolu", "Lenin's Path"), prints around 5,000 copies 3 times a week.

It has been strongly influenced by Azeri and Dargwa, as well as by Russian during last century.

Orthography

A Latin based alphabet was used from 1927—1937).

A Cyrillic based alphabet has been used since 1937.

Bibliography

* Saodat Doniyorova and Toshtemirov Qahramonil. "Parlons Koumyk". Paris: Harmattan, 2004. ISBN 2747564479.


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