- Hygromycin B
drugbox
width=220
IUPAC_name = O-6-Amino-6-deoxy-L-glycero- D-galacto- heptopyranosylidene- (1-2-3)-O-beta-D-talopyranosyl (1-5) -2-deoxy-N3-methyl-D-streptamine
CAS_number = 31282-04-9
ATC_prefix=
ATC_suffix=
PubChem= 35766
DrugBank=
C=20 | H=37 | N=3 | O=13
molecular_weight = 527.53 g/mol (563.5 with HCl)Hygromycin B, is an
antibiotic produced by thebacterium "Streptomyces" "hygroscopicus". It is anaminoglycoside that killsbacteria ,fungi and highereukaryotic cells by inhibitingprotein synthesis citation | title=Hygromycin I. Preliminary studies on the production and biological activity of a new antibiotic. | journal=Antibiot. Chemother. | first=Pettinger | last=McGuire | volume=3 | pages=1268-1278 | date= 1953 ] .History
Hygromycin B was originally developed in the 1950's for use with animals and is still added into swine and chicken feed as an
anthelmintic or anti-worm ing agent (product name: Hygromix). Hygromycin B is produced by "Streptomyces hygroscopicus", a bacterium isolated in 1953 from a soil sample. Resistance genes were discovered in the early 1980's. citation | first=Gritz | last=Davies | title=Plasmid-encoded hygromycin B resistance: the sequence of hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene and its expression in "Escherichia coli" and "Saccharomyces cerevisiae". | journal=Gene | volume=25 | pages=179-88 | date=1983 ] citation | first=Kaster | last=Burgett | title=Analysis of a bacterial hygromycin B resistance gene by transcriptional and translational fusions and by DNA sequencing. | journal=Nucleic Acids Res. | volume=11 | pages=6895-911 | date=1983 ]Use in research
In the laboratory it is used for the selection and maintenance of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells that contain the hygromycin resistance gene. The resistance gene is a
kinase that inactivates hygromycin B throughphosphorylation .cite journal |author=Rao RN, Allen NE, Hobbs JN, Alborn WE, Kirst HA, Paschal JW |title=Genetic and enzymatic basis of hygromycin B resistance in "Escherichia coli" |journal=Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy |volume=24 |issue=5 |pages=689–95 |year=1983 |pmid=6318654 |doi= | url=http://aac.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/24/5/689] Since the discovery of hygromycin-resistance genes, hygromycin B has become a standard selection antibiotic in gene transfer experiments in many prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.External links
Information from hygromycin.net (InvivoGen)
* mechanism of action: [http://www.hygromycin.net/mecanism.htm]
* resistance genes: [http://www.hygromycin.net/resistance.htm]
* chemistry, stability: [http://www.hygromycin.net/technical.htm]References
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.