K. N. Jayatilleke

Infobox Writer
name = K. N. Jayatilleke

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birthdate = 1920-11-01
birthplace = Colombo, Ceylon
deathdate = 1970-07-24
deathplace = Kandy, Ceylon
occupation = author, academic, philosopher
genre = Philosophy
main_work = "Early Buddhist Theory of Knowledge"

Kulatissa Nanda Jayatilleke (1 November 1920 – 24 July 1970) was an internationally recognized authority on Buddhist philosophy whose book "Early Buddhist theory of knowledge" has been described as "an outstanding philosophical interpretation of the Buddha's teaching" in the Encyclopedia of Philosophy Encyclopedia of Philosophy, vol. I (New Your, 1967) p420.]

Biography

Jayatilleke, was born on November 1, 1920, in Colombo, Ceylon. After completing his secondary education at the Royal College in Colombo, he pursued the study of Pali and Sanskrit at the University of Ceylon obtaining a first class. He continued his education at Cambridge University with a view to acquire a firm grounding in Western philosophy. He obtained a unique training in Eastern and Western thought and an analytical approach to philosophy that provided him with a background that nourished his work throughout his career. Jayatilleke was a Nuffield Fellow in the Humanities, a Fellow of the World Academy of Arts and Sciences [http://www.worldacademy.org/] , Hay-Whitney-Fulbright Fellow, an editor of various philosophy journals, and was the Professor and Head of the Department of Philosophy at the University of Ceylon, from 1963 until his death.

Contributions

Jayatilleke is best known as the author of the book "Early Buddhist Theory of Knowledge"Jayatilleke, K.N. Early Buddhist Theory of Knowledge. George Allen and Unwin, 1963] , a piece of work that has been described as a "masterpiece" de Silva MWP. Memorial Tribute to the Late Professor K. N. Jayatilleke. Philosophy East & West, Vol 21, Number 2 (April 1971)] , and as "an outstanding contribution to the history of Indian philosophy" [Ninian Smart, review of Jayatilleke's Early Buddhist Theory of Knowledge, in Mind 75, no. 299 (Jul. 1966), 454.] [George Chatalian (Harvard) Jayatilleke on a concept of Meaninglessness in the Pali Nikayas. Philosophy East and West, vol, XVIII, Nos. 1 and 2, January April 1968.] . This book traces the beginnings of ideas relating to the theory of knowledge in pre-Buddhist Indian thought and their development in early Buddhism. It consists of a comprehensive inquiry into the nature of knowledge and the questions relating to the means and limits of knowledge . The book attempts to work out a general methodology for answering questions that arise in the context of profound and sophisticated philosophical discussions , and attempts to show that the Buddha was an empiricist and verificationist who denied the meaningfulness of metaphysical utterances. Jayatilleke describes his book as an "attempt to uncover the epistemological foundations of Pali Canonical thought, from a new point of view and in the light of new material." His basic contentions were that early Buddhism has an empiricist outlook, gives a significant place to the analytic approach in philosophy, and does not contradict the findings of modern science.

Works

Jayatilleke attempted to work out systematically the empiricist outlook in the Buddhist theory of knowledge, and to present Buddhism through the idiom, the language and methodology of the contemporary philosopher, in such a way that it would become directly relevant to the contemporary world and help in the resolution of philosophical controversies and the problems of modern man . He emphasized that it is wrong to consider the Buddha as a mere "rationalist" philosopher, and that the Buddha upheld the value of analytic reason rather than speculative reason. He presented three significant elements in the "new point of view" from which he discussed the thought of the Pali Canon- the empiricist outlook, the analytical approach, and the scientific attitude. In his book, Jayatilleke cites four ways of examining philosophical questions that bring out the analytic approach in Buddhism:

* a question which ought to be explained categorically
* a question which ought to be answered with a counter question
* a question which ought to be set aside
* a question which ought to be explained analytically

Jayatilleke had a great respect for modern scientific findings, and considered rebirth as a hypothesis capable of being scientifically verified. Apart from his basic writings in the field of epistemology, there are a number of other works. The most significant of these are "Buddhism and the race question" [Buddhism and the Race Question by G. P. Malalasekera, K. N. Jayatilleke Review author [s] : Andrew W. Lind Philosophy East and West, Vol. 8, No. 1/2 (Apr. - Jul., 1958), pp. 68-69] and the Principles of International Law in Buddhist Doctrine [Jayatilleke, K.N. The principles of international law in Buddhist doctrine / K.N. Jayatilleke. Recueil des cours, Volume 120 (1967-I) , pp. 441-567.] . The Message of the Buddha [Jayatilleke, K.N. The Message of the Buddha. Buddhist Publication Society. 1975 (Posthumous work)] was published posthumously and contains material that he had been working at the time of his death.

Publications

* 1963 "Early Buddhist Theory of Knowledge." Publisher: George Allen and Unwin.
* 1967 "The Principles of International Law in Buddhist Doctrine " Recueil des cours, Volume 120 (1967-I) , pp. 441-567.
* 1958 "Buddhism and the Race Question" with G. P. Malalasekera (English and French editions) Review author [s] : Andrew W. Lind Philosophy East and West, Vol. 8, No. 1/2 (Apr. - Jul., 1958). UNESCO publication.
* 1975 "The Message of the Buddha" Editor: Dr. Ninian Smart. Publisher: George Allen and Unwin 1974. Buddhist Publication Society 1975 (Posthumous work).
* Several Wheel Series Publications, Published by the Buddhist Publication Society, Kandy, Sri Lanka [Buddhist Publication Society P.O. Box 61 54, Sangharaja Mawatha Kandy, Sri Lanka] :
** "Buddhism and Science" (Wheel #3)
** "Buddhism and Peace" (Wheel #41)
** "Knowledge and Conduct" (Wheel #50)
** "Aspects of Buddhist Social Philosophy" (Wheel #128/129)
** "Survival and Karma in Buddhist Perspective" (Wheel #141/143)
** "Facets of Buddhist thought" (Wheel #162/164)
** "Ethics in Buddhist Perspective" (Wheel #175/176)
** "Significance of Vesak" (Wheel #178)
** "Buddhist Attitude to Other Religions" (Wheel #216)
** "Contemporary Relevance of Buddhist Philosophy" (Wheel #258)

Notes & References