Porto Santo Island

Infobox Islands
name = Porto Santo

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native name =
native name link = Portugal
nickname =
location = Atlantic Ocean
coordinates = coord|33|3|43|N|16|21|23|W|region:ID_type:isle|display=inline,title
archipelago = Madeira Islands
total islands =
major islands =
area = 42.27 km²
highest mount =
elevation = 402 m
country = Portugal
country admin divisions title = Autonomous Region
country admin divisions = Madeira Islands
country admin divisions title 1 =
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country capital city =
country largest city = Porto Santo (town)
country largest city population = 4,474
country leader title =
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population = 4,474
population as of = 2001
density = 106
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Porto Santo Island (pron. IPA2|'poɾtu 'sɐ̃tu) is a Portuguese island 50 km northeast of Madeira Island in the North Atlantic Ocean. Administratively, it is part of the Autonomous Region of Madeira. The main urban area in which is one of the five Portuguese municipalities that have only one parish is the city of Porto Santo, also known as Vila Baleira (pron. IPA2|'vilɐ bɐ'lɐiɾɐ). The population in 2001 was 4,474. The density was 106.1/km². The island also has an airport which serves flights to Funchal, which is only a 15-minute flight away. It is the northernmost and the easternmost island of the Madeira Archipelago. The municipality has no land boundaries and is encircled by the Atlantic Ocean. The nearest place is Machico in the island of Madeira to the southwest which serves as its port to Funchal. The length of the island is about 9 km. The main industry is tourism.

Geography

The island's geography includes farmlands in the southern and central parts and further to the south a long shoreline with a few beaches, forests and grasslands to the west, rocky ledges and cliffs with a longer coastline to its north, forests to the northeast, drylands with grasses to the northern part and mountains along the northeastern part with about five to six main mountaintops with a few grasslands. Much of the coastline is to the west, the north and the east. There are islets to the north east and a small peninsula with a mountaintop in the eastern end of the main island. Porto Santo has about 9 km of sandy beaches while Madeira island has virtually none, with tiny exceptions such as Calheta.

*Location of Vila Baleira:
**Latitude: 33.0667 (33°4') N
**Longitude: 16.33 (16°20') W
*Altitude:
**Lowest: Atlantic Ocean
**Centre: 175 m (577 feet)

History

The official discovery of Porto Santo occurred in 1418, with the trip of the knights of Infant Henry, João Gonçalves Zarco and Tristão Vaz Teixeira, in accordance with the orders of king D. John I.

Its captain-donee was Bartolomeu Perestrelo, that received letter of donation in November of 1445. The name of Porto Santo (Holy Port) was given, originally to the bay that, in the south coast, served of shelter when the navigators had been gathered by a storm.

In the first centuries of settling, the development of this place knew some difficulties due to scarcity of water and to the assaults of Algerian and French pirates.

* The discoveries of Porto Santo and Madeira were first described by Gomes Eannes de Azurara in "Chronica da Descoberta e Conquista da Guiné". (Eng. version by Edgar Prestage in 2 vols. issued by the Hakluyt Society, London, 1896-1899: "The Chronicle of Discovery and Conquest of Guinea".)

* Arkan Simaan relates in French these discoveries in his novel: "L’Écuyer d’Henri le Navigateur", published by Éditions l’Harmattan.

Tourism

The 9km long sandy beach is the main attraction for tourists.

Christopher Columbus married and lived there for some time. Columbus' house is now a museum that presents a permanent exhibition about his life and family ties with Porto Santo, as well as temporary art exhibitions.

The island has a golf course that is promoted by Spanish golfing champion Severiano Ballesteros. Porto Santo Golf Course will be the largest course in the whole of the Madeira Archipelago once the planned second course is completed and will be able to accommodate 500 players at once. At the moment (2008) there is one 18-hole golf course and one nine-hole course. Porto Santo golf complex, includes eight tennis courts and an equestrian center, circles Pico Ana Ferreira.

Porto Santo has several schools, a lyceum, a gymnasium, several churches, a square ("praça"), a Congress Centre, a museum, shopping centres, bars, and restaurants.

Porto Santo Airport

Porto Santo Island Airport(PXO) has flights to Madeira/Funchal(Santa Catarina-Santa Cruz)(FNC),Lisbon(Lisboa/Portela de Sacavem-Loures/Lisboa)(LIS),Oporto(Porto/Sa Carneiro/Pedras Rubras-Maia)(OPO)and connecting service to several airports,such as:Faro(Faro/Algarve)(FAO) and Ponta Delgada(Papa Joao Paulo II/Nordela-Sao Miguel/Azores)(PDL).

Settlements and geographic areas

External links

[http://www.flickr.com/photos/vitor107/sets/1831598/ Photos from Porto Santo]