Congenic

Congenic

In genetics, two organisms that differ in one locus are defined as congenic[1] or coisogenic.

Contents

Generating congenic strains

Congenic strains are generated in the laboratory by mating two inbred strains (usually rats or mice), and backcrossing the descendants 5-10 generations with one of the original strains, known as the recipient strain. Typically selection for either phenotype or genotype is performed prior to each backcross generation. In this manner either an interesting phenotype, or a defined chromosomal region assayed by genotype is passed from the donor strain onto an otherwise uniform recipient background. Congenic mice/rats can then be compared to the pure recipient strain to determine whether they are phenotypically different if selection was for a genotypic region, or to identify the critical genetic locus, if selection was for a phenotype.

Speed congenics can be produced in as little as 5 back cross generations[2], through the selection at each generation of offspring that not only retain the desired chromosomal fragment, but that also 'lose' the maximum amount of background genetic information from the donor strain. The process can be aided by the superovulation of females, to produce many more eggs . This is also known as 'Marker Assisted' congenics, due to the use of genetic markers (typically microsatellite markers, but now, more commonly, single nucleotide polymorphism markers (SNPs)

See also

Notes and references

  1. ^ "Congenic - definition from Biology-Online.org". Biology-Online.org dictionary. Biology-Online.org. http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Congenic. Retrieved 2006-09-25. 
  2. ^ Markel P, Shu P, Ebeling C et al. (November 1997). "Theoretical and empirical issues for marker-assisted breeding of congenic mouse strains". Nat. Genet. 17 (3): 280–284. doi:10.1038/ng1197-280. PMID 9354790. 

Further reading

Congenic strains are discussed in detail in Lee Silver's online book Mouse Genetics: Concepts and Applications:



Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • congenic — /kən jenˈik/ adjective (of animal cells) bred so as to be genetically identical except for a single gene locus ORIGIN: con and ↑genic …   Useful english dictionary

  • congenic — Organisms that differ in genotype at (ideally) one specified locus. Strictly speaking these are conisogenics. Thus one homozygous strain can be spoken of as being congenic to another …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • congenic — Relating to an inbred strain of animals produced by repeated crossing of one gene line onto another inbred (isogenic) line. [con + G. genos, birth, + ic] * * * con·gen·ic (kən jenґik) [con + L. genus race, kind] pertaining to two inbred… …   Medical dictionary

  • congenic — adjective (of different strains of an organism) That are genetically identical except for a variation in a limited genetic region or locus …   Wiktionary

  • List of B codes for MeSH — The following is a list of the B codes for MeSH. It is a product of the United States National Library of Medicine.Source for content is [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/filelist.html here] . (File 2006 MeSH Trees .)MeshNumber|B01|Animals… …   Wikipedia

  • Congener — (from Latin congener of the same race or kind, from com together + gener , stem of genus kind ) has several different meanings depending on the field in which it is used. Colloquially, it is used to mean a person or thing like another, in… …   Wikipedia

  • Biological psychology — In psychology, biological psychology, also known as biopsychology, psychobiology, or behavioral neuroscience [http://www.m w.com/cgi bin/dictionary?sourceid=Mozilla search va=psychobiology Merriam Webster s Online Dictionary » Psychobiology] >]… …   Wikipedia

  • RCS — The term RCS can stand for:*Racing Club de Strasbourg *Radar cross section *Radcliffe Choral Society, a 60 voice all female choral ensemble at Harvard University *Radio carrier station *Radio channel server *Radio Computing Services *Reaction… …   Wikipedia

  • Toxication — is the process of metabolism in which the metabolite of a compound is more toxic than the parent drug or chemical. Toxication may involve: Changing the physicochemical properties to cause a change in the microenvironment Increasing the potency of …   Wikipedia

  • Cross-presentation — The term cross presentation denotes the ability of certain antigen presenting cells to take up, process and present extracellular antigens with MHC class I molecules to CD8 T cells (cytotoxic T cells). Cross priming describes the stimulation of… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”