KHAZAD

KHAZAD

Infobox block cipher
name = Khazad
designers = Vincent Rijmen and Paulo S. L. M. Barreto
publish date = 2000
derived from = SHARK
key size = 128 bits
block size = 64 bits
structure = substitution-permutation network
rounds = 8
cryptanalysis = No attack better than on the first five rounds is known.

In cryptography, KHAZAD is a block cipher designed by Paulo S. L. M. Barreto together with Vincent Rijmen, one of the designers of the Advanced Encryption Standard (Rijndael). KHAZAD is named after Khazad-dûm, the fictional dwarven realm in the writings of J. R. R. Tolkien (see also Khazad). KHAZAD was presented at the first NESSIE workshop in 2000, and, after some small changes, was selected as a finalist in the project.

KHAZAD has an eight-round substitution-permutation network structure similar to that of SHARK, a forerunner to Rijndael. The design is classed as a "legacy-level" algorithm, with a 64-bit block size (in common with older ciphers such as DES and IDEA) and a 128-bit key. KHAZAD makes heavy use of involutions as subcomponents; this minimises the difference between the algorithms for encryption and decryption.

The authors have stated that, "KHAZAD is not (and will never be) patented. It may be used free of charge for any purpose."

Frédérik Muller has discovered an attack which can break five of KHAZAD's eight rounds. No attacks better than this are known as of November 2005.

References

* P. Barreto, V. Rijmen, "The Khazad legacy-level block cipher," First open NESSIE Workshop, Leuven, 13-14 November 2000, 15 pages.
* cite conference
author = Alex Biryukov
title = Analysis of Involutional Ciphers: Khazad And Anubis
booktitle = 10th International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption (FSE '03)
pages = pp.45–53
publisher = Springer-Verlag
month = February | year = 2003
location = Lund
url = http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/587474.html
format = PDF/PostScript
accessdate = 2007-08-21
* cite conference
author = Frédéric Muller
title = A New Attack against Khazad
booktitle = Advances in Cryptology - ASIACRYPT 2003
pages = pp.347–358
publisher = Springer-Verlag
month = December | year = 2003
location = Taipei
url = http://www.mathmagic.cn/Crypt1998-2003/bibs/2894/28940347.htm
format = PDF
accessdate = 2007-03-03

External links

* [http://paginas.terra.com.br/informatica/paulobarreto/KhazadPage.html KHAZAD home page]


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