Military and economic aid in the 2006 Lebanon War

Main article: 2006 Lebanon War

The supply of military aid to combatants during the course of the 2006 Lebanon War has been an important aspect of both the hostilities and the diplomatic wrangling surrounding them, including figuring prominently into UN Security Council resolutions on the topic.

Security Council Resolution 1559

On September 2, 2004, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 1559 calling for the disbanding of all Lebanese militias, among other things, and an armed Hezbollah in South Lebanon is seen by many to be a contravention of the resolution, though the Lebanese government differs on its interpretation.^{[1][2][3][4][5]}

Hezbollah

Military aid from Iran

Iran's help to Hezbollah in preparation for the war was invaluable. According to Israeli journalist Ze'ev Schiff, Iran supplied most of Hezbollah's arms, "including modern antitank weapons and its thousands of rockets." Iranian advisors spent years helping Hezbollah train and build fortified positions throughout southern Lebanon.^[6]

The US, British, and Israeli governments have said that Iran provides military aid to Hezbollah, specifically for this conflict. Some Iranian statements confirm this, others deny it and instead claim to supply only spiritual and diplomatic aid to them.^[7]

Iranian Secretary-general of the "Intifada conference" Ali Akbar Mohtashami Pur then retracted the denial, explicitly telling the Shargh newspaper that Hezbollah is in possession of the long-range Zelzal-2.^[8] He also claimed that Iran transferred the missiles so that they could be used to defend Lebanon.^[9] Israel believes that the missiles can only be fired with Iranian consent, and that lack of that permission is one of the reasons they have not been launched against Israel.^[9]

Iran provides between $50–100 million annually,^[10][11] and Hezbollah received Iranian-supplied weaponry, including 11,500 rockets and missiles already in place. Three thousand Hezbollah militants have undergone training in Iran, which included guerrilla warfare, firing missiles and rocket artillery, operating unmanned drones, marine warfare and conventional war operations, and 50 pilots have been trained in Iran in the past two years.^[12]

During the conflict, the August 7, 2006 edition of Jane's Defense Weekly, a defense industry magazine, reported that Iran answered Hezbollah's August 4 call for "a constant supply of weapons to support its operations against Israel".^[13] According to Western diplomatic sources, Iran will supply advanced Russian, Chinese, and Iranian designed Surface-to-air missile systems, in addition to Hezbollah's current stock of Iranian-delivered Strela 2 MANPADS.^[14]

Israel

Military aid from the United States

Main article: United States military aid to Israel

See also: Israel-United States relations

As the campaign in Lebanon began, on 14 July, the US Congress was notified of a potential sale of $210 million worth of jet fuel to Israel. The Defense Security Cooperation Agency noted that the sale of the JP-8 fuel, should it be completed, will “enable Israel to maintain the operational capability of its aircraft inventory.…The jet fuel will be consumed while the aircraft is in use to keep peace and security in the region.”^[15]

According to Reuters and The New York Times, the Bush administration authorised the expedited processing and shipment of precision-guided bombs, already allotted for sale in 2005, to Israel to support the Israeli campaign, but it did not announce the increased haste publicly.^[16]

It was reported on 24 July that the United States was in the process of providing Israel with “bunker buster” bombs, which would be used to target the leader of Lebanon’s Hezbollah guerrilla group and destroy its trenches.^[17]

It was reported in the 3 August edition of Salon.com that the US National Security Agency (NSA) was providing signals intelligence to the IDF allowing them details on whether Iran and Syria were supplying new military aid to Hezbollah.^[18]

Lebanon

Military aid from the United States

The US State Department announced a financial assistance package of $10 million US to the Lebanese Armed Forces on 29 July 2006. The previous level of assistance was $1.5 million US. A spokesman indicated that the aim of the aid was "finish the work of [UN] Resolution 1559," and that the additional assistance would go towards "some very basic issues, such as providing spare parts and maintenance and other kinds of things for trucks and personnel carriers and other vehicles".^[19]

On August 21, 2006, President George W. Bush announced that US reconstruction aid to Lebanon would be boosted to 230 million dollars.^[20]

See also

• Arab-Israeli conflict
• Arab-Israeli conflict facts, figures, and statistics
• History of Israel
• History of Lebanon
• History of the Middle East
• Israel-United States relations
• Multinational Force in Lebanon in 1982
• United Nations Interim Force In Lebanon
• Views of the Arab-Israeli conflict
• International law and the Arab-Israeli conflict

External links

• www.lebanon-israel.info An ongoing discussion on the Lebanon-Israel conflict

References

1. ^ "Who are Hezbollah?". BBC. 2006-07-13. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4314423.stm. 
2. ^ SECURITY COUNCIL NOTES SIGNIFICANT PROGRESS IN LEBANON, INCLUDING WITHDRAWAL OF FOREIGN FORCES, HOLDING OF PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS IN 2005
3. ^ "Draft truce calls for ‘full cessation of hostilities’". ABC News. 2006-08-06. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14201487/page/2/. 
4. ^ Security Council Declares Support For Free, Fair Presidential Election In Lebanon; Calls For Withdrawal Of Foreign Forces There
5. ^ "Hezbollah rejects call to disarm". ABC (AU). 2005-04-27. http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/content/2005/s1354922.htm. 
6. ^ "Israel's war With Iran" by Ze'ev Schiff, Foreign Affairs, November–December 2006, p.23
7. ^ "Iran denies giving aid to Hizbullah". http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1153292020585&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull. 
8. ^ "Interview with Ali Akbar Mohtashami". Shargh. 2006-08-03. http://www.sharghnewspaper.com/850512/html/polit.htm#s453504. 
9. ^ ^{a b} Katz, Yaakov; Jerusalem Post staff (August 4, 2006). "Iran: We supplied Zelzal-2 to Hizbullah". Jerusalem Post. http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1154525807791&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull. Retrieved 2006-08-13. 
10. ^ "Hezbollah: "A-Team Of Terrorists"". CBS News. 2003-04-18. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/04/18/60minutes/main550000.shtml. 
11. ^ Global Security
12. ^ "Iran Provider of Hezbollah's Weaponry". Asharq Alawsat. July 16, 2006. http://www.asharqalawsat.com/english/news.asp?section=1&id=5651. 
13. ^ http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060804/ap_on_re_mi_ea/mideast_fighting_hezbollah_s_missiles
14. ^ "Iran answers Hizbullah call for SAM systems". Jane's Defense Weekly. 2006-08-07. http://www.janes.com/defence/news/jdw/jdw060807_1_n.shtml. 
15. ^ "Israel- JP-8 Aviation Jet Fuel" (PDF) (Press release). United States Department of Defense. July 14, 2006. http://www.dsca.mil/PressReleases/36-b/2006/Israel_06-40.pdf. Retrieved 2006-08-13. 
16. ^ "US rushes precision-guided bombs to Israel: paper". Reuters. July 22, 2006. http://today.reuters.com/news/articlenews.aspx?type=topNews&storyID=2006-07-22T050649Z_01_N21268027_RTRUKOC_0_US-MIDEAST-BUSH-WEAPONS.xml&WTmodLoc=NewsHome-C1-topNews-2. Retrieved 2006-08-13. 
17. ^ "Israel to get U.S. "bunker buster" bombs - report". Reuters. July 24, 2006. Archived from the original on 2006-08-08. http://web.archive.org/web/20060808023724/http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L24887074.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-13. 
18. ^ The neocons' next war, Salon.com, 3 August 2006
19. ^ Israel U.S. boosts aid to Lebanon army to help it assert sovereignty in south, Haaretz.com, 29 July 2006
20. ^ "Press Conference by the President". White House. 2006-08-21. http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/08/20060821.html.