Muscomorpha

Muscomorpha
Flesh fly showing the three-segmented antennae and the arista
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Diptera
Suborder:	Brachycera
Infraorder:	Muscomorpha
Sections
Aschiza Schizophora see text for superfamilies

The Brachyceran infraorder Muscomorpha is a large and diverse group of flies, containing the bulk of the Brachycera, and, in fact, most of the known flies. It includes a number of the most familiar flies, such as the housefly, the fruit fly and the blowfly. The antennae are short, usually 3-segmented, with a dorsal arista. Their bodies are often highly setose, and the pattern of setae is often taxonomically important.

The larvae of muscomorphs (in the sense the name is used here; see below) have a reduced head capsule, and the pupa is formed inside the exoskeleton of the last larval instar; exit from this puparium is via a circular line of weakness, and this pupal type is called "cyclorrhaphous" - it is this feature which gives this group of flies their traditional name, Cyclorrhapha. No other insects have a life cycle that involves a puparium.

Classification

The name Cyclorrhapha is used, in various modern classifications, to represent either a subgroup within the infraorder Muscomorpha, or simply a rankless group within the Brachycera. In either case, Empidoidea is the sister taxon to Cyclorrhapha. In the present classification, as the Muscomorpha is used to refer to the sister taxon of the Empidoidea, the names "Muscomorpha" and "Cyclorrhapha" are effectively synonymous (though not entirely interchangeable: for nomenclatural purposes, it is always considered better if the endings of names of similar rank are consistent, and since all the other infraordinal names end in "-morpha", the use of "Cyclorrhapha" as an infraordinal name would be inconsistent).

In the Tree of Life Web Project, the name "Muscomorpha" refers to the Asilomorpha plus the Cyclorrhapha.

• Section Aschiza
  • Superfamily Platypezoidea
  • Superfamily Syrphoidea
• Section Schizophora
  • Sub-section Acalyptratae
    • Superfamily Conopoidea
    • Superfamily Tephritoidea
    • Superfamily Nerioidea
    • Superfamily Diopsoidea
    • Superfamily Sciomyzoidea
    • Superfamily Sphaeroceroidea
    • Superfamily Lauxanioidea
    • Superfamily Opomyzoidea
    • Superfamily Ephydroidea
    • Superfamily Carnoidea
  • Sub-section Calyptratae
    • Superfamily Muscoidea
    • Superfamily Oestroidea
    • Superfamily Hippoboscoidea

External links

• The Tree of Life Web Project: Brachycera