Engineering vehicle

Engineering vehicle

Engineering vehicles, known by the other terms: construction equipment, earth movers, heavy equipment or just plain equipment, are machines, specifically designed to execute civil engineering and construction engineering tasks. The scope of the specialized manufacturing industries covered by the previously mentioned engineering fields is broad, encompassing in no order: construction, logging, mining, waste management, military engineering and agriculture. These machines are most often associated with earthworks (engineering). These engineering vehicle machines, in the most basic form, are "compound machines" composed of simple machines. These components make up the five equipment systems: implement, traction, structure, power train, control and information [C. B. Tatum et al., J. Constr. Engrg. and Mgmt. 132, 987 (2006) [http://scitation.aip.org/getpdf/servlet/GetPDFServlet?filetype=pdf&id=JCEMD4000132000009000976000001&idtype=cvips&prog=normal] ] . Through the mechanical advantage of a simple machine, the ratio between input force applied and force exerted is multiplied. ["Machine." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 22 May 2008, 20:01 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 25 May 2008 .] Currently most equipment use hydraulics as a primary source of transferring power. The use of heavy equipment has a long history. Vitruvius a 1st century B.C. engineer gives detailed descriptions of Roman heavy equipment and Roman cranes in his treatise De Architectura. ["Vitruvius." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 19 May 2008, 02:08 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 25 May 2008 .]

Types

Control and Information

:"The control and information systems. These systems enable the operator to direct and control all the other systems and provide information to guide operations or to monitor the performance and health of the equipment." [C. B. Tatum et al., J. Constr. Engrg. and Mgmt. 132, 987 (2006) [http://scitation.aip.org/getpdf/servlet/GetPDFServlet?filetype=pdf&id=JCEMD4000132000009000976000001&idtype=cvips&prog=normal] ] "

Equipment operators

"* see Heavy equipment operator"

operator training

The International Union of Operating Engineers has equipment schools where apprentice operators are trained.

The Association of Equipment Manufacturers provides effective safety training materials for operators of rough terrain forklifts and operators of industrial and agricultural mowers.

The National Association of Heavy Equipment Training Schools provides American national certification for heavy equipment operator

Currently there is not an international association of heavy equipment schools.

Equipment Cost [Peurifoy & Schexnayder "Construction Planning Equipment, and Methods" McGraw Hill 6th edition ISBN 0-07-232176-8, 2002.]

On any project using equipment it is important to maintain accurate records concerning utilization, repairs and maintenance. The two main categories of equipment cost is ownership cost and operating cost.

Ownership Cost

For an expense to be classified as an ownership cost it must be incurred regardless of if the equipment is used or not. These costs are as follows:

The biggest distinction from a cost standpoint is if a repair is classified as a "major repair" or a "minor repair". A major repair can change the depreciable equipment value due to an extension in service life while a minor repair is normal maintenance. Major repairs are charged to the equipment and minor repairs are charged to the job. It is advantageous for projects to classify all repairs as major while the equipment department will desire to classify all repairs as "minor" and charge the work to a job.

Models

Die-cast metal promotional scale models of heavy equipment are often produced for each vehicle to give to prospective customers. These are typically in . The popular manufacturers of these models are Conrad and NZG in Germany, even for US vehicles.

Manufacturers

The leading global manufacturers of construction equipment (in order): Fact|date=May 2007

#Caterpillar Inc.
#Komatsu
#Terex
#CNH Global (CASE, New Holland, Kobelco)
#Volvo Construction Equipment Fact|date=May 2007
#Deere & Company
#Doosan Group (Bobcat Company)
#Hitachi Construction Machinery
(a subsidiary of Hitachi, Ltd.; inc: Euclid Trucks)
#Bell Equipment
#Hitachi Construction Machinery (Europe)

Other manufacturers:

References


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Military engineering vehicle — The EBG combat engineering vehicle, based on the AMX 30 tank, is used by the engineers of the French Army for a variety of missions …   Wikipedia

  • Combat engineering vehicle — Combat engineering vehicles (CEVs) are armoured vehicles built for engineering work on the battlefield or for the transportation of sappers. Types of combat engineering vehicles Modified tanks Most CEVs are armoured fighting vehicles that may be… …   Wikipedia

  • Vehicle infrastructure integration — (VII) is an initiative fostering research and applications development for a series of technologies directly linking road vehicles to their physical surroundings, first and foremost in order to improve road safety. The technology draws on several …   Wikipedia

  • Vehicle dynamics — refers to the dynamics of vehicles, here assumed to be ground vehicles.For two wheeled vehicles see Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics.For the dynamics of air vehicles see Aerodynamics.Vehicle dynamics is a part of engineering primarily based on… …   Wikipedia

  • Vehicle engineering — encompasses the fields of Automotive engineering, Aerospace engineering, and Marine engineering. See also *Automobile *Vehicle dynamics …   Wikipedia

  • Vehicle registration plates of the People's Republic of China — Blue PRC licence plates of the 1992 standard (August 2004 image). Last character of registration is not shown. This is an example of a vehicle registered to a Chinese citizen or entity …   Wikipedia

  • Vehicle registration plates of Germany — German car number plates ( Kfz Kennzeichen ) show the place where the car carrying them is registered. Whenever a person changes their main place of residence in Germany, or buys a new car, they are required to buy new number plates. Number… …   Wikipedia

  • Vehicle fire — A car fire, or auto fire, is one of the more common causes of fire related property damage. There is roughly one motor vehicle fire every 96 seconds in the USA [ http://fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/fire05/PDF/f05154.pdf 2004 report] ] .In the UK,… …   Wikipedia

  • Engineering Projects — ▪ 1995 Introduction BRIDGES        Notable Engineering Projects(For Notable Engineering Projects in work, see Table (Notable Engineering Projects).)       As the decade of the 1990s reached its midpoint, the limits to bridge design were being… …   Universalium

  • Combat engineering — is a combat service support role of using the knowledge, tools and techniques of engineering by troops in peace and war, but specifically in combat. A combat engineer, in many armies also called pioneer or sapper, is a military specialist in… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”