Oribasius

Oribasius
The Plinthios Brokhos as described by Greek physician Heraklas, a sling for the binding of fractured jaws. Preserved in republication by Oribasius.

Oribasius or Oreibasius (Greek: Ὀρειβάσιος) (c. 320–400) was a Greek medical writer and the personal physician of the Roman emperor Julian the Apostate. He studied at Alexandria under physician Zeno of Cyprus[1] before joining Julian's retinue. He was involved in Julian's coronation in 361, and remained with the emperor until Julian's death in 363. In the wake of this event, Oribasius was banished to foreign courts for a time, but was later recalled by the emperor Valens.

Oribasius's major works, written at the behest of Julian, are two collections of excerpts from the writings of earlier medical scholars, a collection of excerpts from Galen and the Collectiones, a massive compilation of excerpts from other medical writers of the ancient world. The first of these works is entirely lost, and only 25 of the 70 (or 72) books of the Collectiones survive. This work preserves a number of excerpts from older writers whose writings have otherwise been lost, and has thus been valuable to modern scholars. The earliest known description of a string figure, presented as the surgical sling Plinthios Brokhos by Greek physician Heraklas, is among the preserved material.[1][2]

History has it that in 362, on behalf of his emperor Julian the Apostate, Oribasius visited the Delphic oracle, now in a rather desolate state, offering his emperor's services to the temple and, in return, receiving one of the last prophecies by the Delphic Pythia:

Εἴπατε τῷ βασιλεῖ, χαμαὶ πέσε δαίδαλος αὐλά,
οὐκέτι Φοῖβος ἔχει καλύβην, οὐ μάντιδα δάφνην,
οὐ παγὰν λαλέουσαν, ἀπέσβετο καὶ λάλον ὕδωρ.

Tell the emperor, the splendid hall fell to the ground.
Phoebus no longer has his house, nor the prophesying laurel,
nor the speaking well. The speaking water has also gone out. (Passio Artemii 96.1284.45-7, Cedrenus 1.532.8-10)

References

  1. ^ Miller, Lawrence G. (1945). "The Earliest (?) Description of a String Figure". American Anthropologist, New Series 47 (3): 461–462. doi:10.1525/aa.1945.47.3.02a00190. 
  2. ^ Day, Cyrus L. (1967). Quipus and Witches' Knots. Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas Press. pp. 86–89, 124–126. 
  • Browning, Robert and Nutton, Vivian, "Oribasius", from The Oxford Classical Dictionary, Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth, ed. (Oxford University Press, 2003) ISBN 0-19-866172-X
  • Grant, Mark (author and translator) and Oribasius, Dieting for an Emperor: A Translation of Books 1 and 4 of Oribasius’ „Medical Compilations“. Brill Academic Publishers, Leiden – New York – Cologne 1997; ISBN 90-04-10790-8
  • Oribasius: Collectionum Medicarum Reliquiae, I. Libri I-VIII; II; IX-XVI. By J. Raeder (Corpus Medicorum Graecorum VI.1.1–2) Leipzig & Berlin, Teubner 1928–9. (online)
  • Thompson, E.A. "The Last Delphic Oracle." CQ 40.1 (1946): 35-6.

External links


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • ORIBASIUS — Iuliani Imper. familiaris, a quo et Quaestor Constantinopolitanus factus est. Scripsit libros Medicinae 72. ad Iulianum, et eorum epitomen in libris 9. ad Eustathium fil. de Regno, et de Affectibus Suidas. Eunapius vero Sardinius, in l. Sophist.… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Oribasĭus — Oribasĭus, s. Oreibasios …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Oribasius — Oribasĭus, griech. Arzt, aus Pergamum oder Sardes, 325 403 n. Chr., Leibarzt des Kaisers Julian, verfaßte in 70 Büchern Auszüge aus frühern mediz. Schriften …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • Oribasius — Oribasius, Arzt aus Sardes oder Pergamus, Leibarzt des Kaisers Julian Apostata, verfaßte in 70 Büchern Auszüge aus Galen u. andern Aerzten; die Reste derselben, in griech. Sprache oder lat. Uebersetzung erhalten, gaben zuletzt heraus Bassemacker… …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • Oribasius — Oreibasios (lat. Oribasius; altgr.: ᾽Оρειβάσιος Σαρδιανός * um 325 in Pergamon (wohl nicht in Sardeis); † 403) war ein bedeutender spätantiker Arzt, Medizinhistoriker und Schüler des alexandrinischen Dogmatikers Zenon von Kypros. Leben Der… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • ОРИБАСИЙ —    • Oribasius,          Όρειβάσιος, ученый и знаменитый врач из Пергама или Сард, ученик Зенона Кипрского, лейб медик императора Юлиана Отступника, который высоко ценил его советы не только по делам медицины, но и в других вопросах. Близкие… …   Реальный словарь классических древностей

  • Орибасий — или Орибазий (греч. Ορειβάσιος) (c. 320 400)  византийский медик и личный врач римского императора Юлиана. Родом из Пергама. Учился в Александрии у Зенона Кипрского[1], затем присоединился к свите Юлиана; сопровождал его во время службы в… …   Википедия

  • Oribasio de Pérgamo — Oribasio de Pérgamo, o simplemente Oribasius (320 400) fue un médico griego que llegó a ser el médico personal de Juliano el Apóstata. Se formó en Alejandría bajo la tutela de Zenón de Chipre pero se unió a la corte del emperador desde su… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Mnesitheus — (Greek: Μνησίθεος; 4th century BC) of Athens, was a Greek physician, who probably lived in the 4th century BC, as he is quoted by the comic poet Alexis.[1] He belonged to the Dogmatic school of medicine.[2] He enjoyed a great reputation, and was… …   Wikipedia

  • Julian the Apostate — Infobox Emperor name =Julian title =Emperor of the Roman Empire caption = Flavius Claudius Julianus, also known as Julian the Apostate , was the last polytheist Roman Emperor. reign = Caesar: 6 November 355 February 360. Augustus: February 360 3… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”