Beta barium borate

Beta barium borate

Beta barium borate (β-barium borate, BBO or β-BaB2O4) is a crystal frequently used for frequency mixing and other nonlinear optics applications. It has a wide transmission range, from approximately 200 nanometres to beyond 3 micrometres, and is used particularly for its transparency in the deep ultraviolet.

BBO has a trigonal crystal system, belongs to crystallographic point group 3m, and belongs to the crystallographic space group R3c. BBO has strong negative uniaxial birefringence and can be phase-matched for type I ("ooe") second harmonic generation from 409.6–3500 nm. The temperature sensitivity of the indices of refraction is low, leading to an unusually large (55°C) temperature phase-matching bandwidth. The crystal is mildly hygroscopic.

β-Barium borate differs from α-barium borate in thepositions of the barium ions within the crystal. Both phases are birefringent, however the α phase, which exists above 925 C, possesses centric symmetry and thus does not have the same nonlinear properties as the β phase.

BBO is a common material used to split photons to produce the phenomenon of quantum entanglement.

Physical properties

*Lattice parameters: "a"="b"=1.253 nm, "c"=1.272 nm, "Z"=6
*Melting point: 1095±5°C
*Phase transition temperature: 925±5°C
*Mohs hardness: 4.5
*Density: 3.85 g/cm3

Optical properties


*Refractive index, 1064 nm: n_o=1.65, quad n_e=1.54
*Refractive index, 532 nm: n_o=1.67, quad n_e=1.55
*Refractive index, 266 nm: n_o=1.75, quad n_e=1.61
*Transparency range (> 0.5 cm-1): 198–2600 nm
*Thermo-optic coefficients:cite journal| author=D. N. Nikogosyan | title=Beta Barium Borate (BBO)| journal=Applied Physics A| volume=52 | pages=359--368] :*frac{partial n_o}{partial T}= -9.3 imes 10^{-6} / mathrm{^circ C} :*frac{partial n_e}{partial T} = -16.6 imes 10^{-6} / mathrm{^circ C}

*Nonlinear optical coefficients: cite book| author= V.G. Dmitriev, G. G. Gurzadyan, and D. N. Nikogosyan | title=Handbook of Nonlinear Optical Crystals, 3rd edition| publisher=Springer | date=1999| isbn=0342-4111] :d22 = 2.3 pV / m.:d31 = -0.16 pV / m.

*High damage threshold of 10 GW/cm2 for 100 ps pulse-width at 1064 nm.

ellmeier equations (for λ in microns)

*n^2_o(lambda) = 2.7359+0.01878/(λ2 - 0.01822)-0.01354 λ2 cite journal| author=Kato, K. |journal = IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics | volume=22| number = 7 | date=1986|title= Second-harmonic generation to 2048 Å in β-BaB2O4 | pages= 1013--1014|doi= 10.1109/JQE.1986.1073097]
*n^2_e(lambda) = 2.3753+0.01224/(λ2-0.01667)-0.01516 λ2

References

External links

*cite web |url=http://www.photox.co.uk/bbo.htm |title=BBO Crystal β-Barium Borate |accessdate=2006-10-23 |work=Photox Optical Systems website


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