Planicoxa

Taxobox
name = "Planicoxa"
status = Fossil


image_width = 200px
image_caption =
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Sauropsida
superordo = Dinosauria
ordo = Ornithischia
subordo = Ornithopoda
infraordo = Iguanodontia
familia =
genus = "Planicoxa"
genus_authority = DiCroce & Carpenter, 2001
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision =
* "Planicoxa venenica" (type)
* "Planicoxa depressa"

"Planicoxa" is a genus of advanced iguanodont dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of North America. It is known from the partial skeletons of several individual specimens. Its fossils were discovered in Utah and South Dakota, United States.

The type species for the genus is "Planicoxa venenica", first described by Tony DiCroce and Kenneth Carpenter in 2001. Its discovery was made in the Poison Strip Sandstone Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation in Grand County, Utah, United States. "Planicoxa" refers to the flat appearance of the ilium formed by horizontal folding over of the postacetabular process (rear portion of the ilium), the defining characteristic of the genus; "venenica", the species name, is Latin for “poison” in reference to the Poison Strip Sandstone Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation where the discovery was made. This new taxon is represented by a well-preserved ilium, femora, tibiae, and vertebrae, as well as other material. The femora are classical ornithopod, but the ilium has a short, horizontal postacetabular process that is functionally an antitrochanter. The discovery of "P. venenica" adds significant new information to the Barremian-Albian fauna of the Cedar Mountain Formation.

A second species, "P. depressa", was created by Carpenter and Wilson (2008) for material previously named "Camptosaurus depressus" by Charles Gilmore in 1909. That material was collected from the Lakota Formation near the town of Hot Springs, South Dakota. It too has the odd flat ilium formed by the horizontal postacetabular process. This species differs from "P. venenica" in that the ilium is not as arched, has a thicker (more robust) preacetabular process (long, forward projection of the ilium), a shallower acetabular notch (hip-socket), and a proportionally narrower brevis shelf (a shelf for muscles on the inside of the rear part of the ilium). It is known from some vertebrae and two ilia. Isolated iguanodontid bones from the Lakota Formation probably belong to this species.

References

* http://www.users.qwest.net/~jstweet1/iguanodontia.htm

DiCroce, K. and K. Carpenter. 2001. New ornithopod from the Cedar Mountain Formation (Lower Cretaceous) of Eastern Utah. P. 183-196 in Tanke, D. & K. Carpenter (eds.) Mesozoic Vertebrate Life. Indiana University Press, Bloomington. [https://scientists.dmns.org/sites/kencarpenter/PDFs%20of%20publications/Planicoxa.pdf PDF]

Carpenter, K. and Wilson, Y. 2008. A new species of Camptosaurus (Ornithopoda: Dinosauria) from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Dinosaur National Moument, Utah, and a biomechanical analysis of its forelimb. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 76:227-263. [https://scientists.dmns.org/sites/kencarpenter/PDFs%20of%20publications/Carpenter_and_Wilson.pdf PDF]