Deoxyribonucleotide

Deoxyribonucleotide

A deoxyribonucleotide is the monomer, or single unit, of DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid. Each deoxyribonucleotide comprises three parts: a nitrogenous base, a deoxyribose sugar, and one phosphate group.[1] The nitrogenous base is always bonded to the 1' carbon of the deoxyribose, which is distinguished from ribose by the presence of a proton on the 2' carbon rather than an -OH group. The phosphate groups bind to the 5' carbon of the sugar.

When deoxyribonucleotides polymerize to form DNA, the phosphate group from one nucleotide will bond to the 3' carbon on another nucleotide, forming a phosphodiester bond via dehydration synthesis. New nucleotides are always added to the 3' carbon of the last nucleotide, so synthesis always proceeds from 5' to 3'.

References

  1. ^ Coghill, Anne M.; Garson, Lorrin R., ed (2006). The ACS style guide: effective communication of scientific information (3rd ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society. p. 244. ISBN 9780841239999. 

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • deoxyribonucleotide — n. an organic molecule consisting of a hereocyclic base attached to the 1 carbon of a deoxyribose ring, with a phosphate group esterified at the 5 position of the deoxyribose. Deoxyribonuceotides are the monomer units which make up… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • deoxyribonucleotide — deoxyribonucleotide. См. дезоксирибонуклеотид. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • deoxyribonucleotide — deoksiribonukleotidas statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Nukleotidas, kurio sudėtyje yra D 2 deoksiribozė. atitikmenys: angl. deoxyribonucleotide rus. дезоксирибонуклеотид …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • deoxyribonucleotide — noun Date: 1958 a nucleotide that contains deoxyribose and is a constituent of DNA …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • deoxyribonucleotide — /dee ok si ruy boh nooh klee euh tuyd , nyooh /, n. Biochem. an ester of a deoxyribonucleoside and phosphoric acid; a constituent of DNA. [1945 50; DEOXYRIBO(NUCLEIC ACID) + NUCLEOTIDE] * * * …   Universalium

  • deoxyribonucleotide — noun Any nucleotide containing deoxyribose …   Wiktionary

  • deoxyribonucleotide — A nucleotide component of DNA containing 2 deoxy d ribose; the phosphoric ester of deoxyribonucleoside; formed in nucleotide biosynthesis. * * * de·oxy·ri·bo·nu·cle·o·tide also des·oxy·ri·bo·nu·cle·o·tide n(y)ü klē ə .tīd n a nucleotide that… …   Medical dictionary

  • deoxyribonucleotide — de·oxy·ri·bo·nucleotide …   English syllables

  • deoxyribonucleotide — de•ox•y•ri•bo•nu•cle•o•tide [[t]diˌɒk sɪˌraɪ boʊˈnu kli əˌtaɪd, ˈnyu [/t]] n. biochem. an ester of a deoxyribonucleoside and phosphoric acid; a constituent of DNA • Etymology: 1945–50; deoxyribo(nucleic acid)+nucleotide …   From formal English to slang

  • deoxyribonucleotide — /diˌɒksiˌraɪboʊˈnjukliətaɪd/ (say dee.oksee.ruyboh nyoohkleeuhtuyd) noun a phosphate ester from which DNA is formed. {de + oxy(gen) + ribo(se) + nucleotide} …  

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