Richard R. Schrock

Richard Royce Schrock (born January 4, 1945) is an American chemist and Nobel laureate recognized for his contributions to the metathesis reaction used in organic chemistry. [cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2005/|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005|publisher=Nobelprize.org]

Born in Berne, Indiana, Schrock went to Mission Bay High School in San Diego, California. He holds a B.A. (1967) from the University of California, Riverside and a Ph. D. (1971) from Harvard University. At Harvard he studied under J. A. Osborn. In 1971-72, he carried out postdoctoral studies at the University of Cambridge with Lord Jack Lewis. In 1972, he was hired by E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, where he worked at the Experimental Station in Wilmington, Delaware in the group of George Parshall. He joined the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1975 and became full professor in 1980.cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2005/schrock-autobio.html|title=Richard R. Schrock - Autobiography|publisher=Nobelprize.org]

He has held his current post, the Frederick G. Keyes Professor of Chemistry, at MIT since 1989. Schrock is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, National Academy of Sciences and was elected to the Board of Overseers of Harvard University in 2007.

He married Nancy Carlson in 1971 and has two children, Andrew and Eric. Nancy Schrock is the Thomas F. Peterson, Jr. Conservator of Special Collections for the MIT Libraries. The family live in Winchester, Massachusetts.

Nobel prize

In 2005, Schrock received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, along with Robert H. Grubbs and Yves Chauvin, for his work in the area of olefin metathesis, an organic synthesis technique. Schrock was the first to elucidate the structure and mechanism of so called 'black box' olefin metathesis catalysts. Initial work at DuPont involved the synthesis of tantalum alkylidenes, alkylidenes being a crucial resting state in the catalytic cycle of olefin metathesis. His work at MIT has led to a detailed understanding of a group of molybdenum alkylidenes and alkylidynes which are active olefin and alkyne methathesis catalysts, respectively. Schrock has done much work to demonstrate that metallacyclobutanes are the key intermediate in olefin metathesis, with metallacyclobutadienes being the key intermediate in alkyne methathesis.

Many supporting ligands have been explored in efforts to better understand the nature of the single molecule catalysts, most notably 2,6-diisopropylphenylimido and adamantylimido, as well as various tert-butyl alkoxides with varying degrees of fluorination. The prototypical Schrock catalyst is (R"O)₂(R'N)Mo(CHR) where R = tert-butyl, R' = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, and R" = C(Me)(CF₃)₂. Such catalysts are now commercially available from such major suppliers as Sigma-Aldrich, and are used frequently in synthetic applications of olefin metathesis. Schrock's work is ongoing with goals of furthering the understanding of metathesis selectivity, developing new catalyst architectures, as well as projects outside of metathesis, such as elucidating the mechanism of dinitrogen fixation and developing single molecule catalysts which form ammonia from dinitrogen, mimicking the activity of nitrogenase enzymes in biology.

Schrock carbenes are named after Schrock.

References

Publications

*Schrock, R. R. [http://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/display_biblio.cgi?id=ACC0150&numPages=95&fp=N "Reduction of Carbon Monoxide. Past Research Summary"] , Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States Department of Energy, (1982).
*Schrock, R. R. [http://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/display_biblio.cgi?id=ACC0151&numPages=26&fp=N "Chemistry of Bimetallic Linked Cyclopentadienyl Complexes: Progress Report, 1 December 1986 --30 November 1989"] , Department of Chemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States Department of Energy, (1989).
*Schrock, R. R. [http://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/display_biblio.cgi?id=ACC0152&numPages=16&fp=N "Controlled Synthesis of Polyenes by Catalytic Methods. Progress Report, December 1, 1989 -- November 30, 1992"] , Department of Chemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States Department of Energy, (1992).
*Schrock, R. R. [http://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/display_biblio.cgi?id=ACC0153&numPages=8&fp=N "Controlled Synthesis of Polyenes by Catalytic Methods. Progress Report, December 1, 1992 -- November 30, 1993"] , Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States Department of Energy, (December 1993).

External links

* [http://www.osti.gov/accomplishments/schrock_grubbs.html Photograph, Biography and Bibliographic Resources] , from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, United States Department of Energy
* [http://web.mit.edu/rrs/www/home.html Schrock Research Group]
* [http://web.mit.edu/chemistry/www/faculty/schrock.html Research Summary]
* [http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2005/schrock.html Schrock wins Nobel Prize]
* http://www.chemistry.msu.edu/Lectureships/lectures.asp?series=DK&Year=2001
* [http://www.patentgenius.com/inventor/SchrockRichardR.html Richard R. Schrock Patents]
* [http://www.ucnewswire.org/news_viewer.cfm?story_PK=5214& UC Newswire story on Nobel Prize]