Blusher

Blusher

Taxobox
name = Blusher
status = Very common / safe


image_width = 200px
regnum = Fungi
divisio = Basidiomycota
classis = Homobasidiomycetae
subclassis = Hymenomycetes
ordo = Agaricales
familia = Amanitaceae
genus = "Amanita"
species = "A. rubescens"
"A. novinupta
binomial = "Amanita rubescens"
binomial_authority = (Pers. ex Fr.) Gray

The Blusher is the common name for several closely related species of the genus "Amanita". "A. rubescens", found in Europe and eastern North America, and "A. novinupta" in western North America. Both their scientific and common names are derived from the propensity of their flesh to turn pink on bruising, or cutting. Although edible, it can be confused with poisonous species, and should probably be avoided by novice mushroomers.

"Amanita rubescens"

Description

The European blusher has a reddish-brown convex pileus (cap), that is up to 15 cm across, and strewn with small cream-coloured warts. It is sometimes covered with an ochre-yellow flush which can be washed by the rain. The flesh of the mushroom is white, becoming pink when bruised or exposed to air. This is a key feature in differentiating it from the poisonous False Blusher or Panther cap "(Amanita pantherina)", whose flesh does not.

The stipe (stem) is white with flushes of the cap colour, and grows to a height of up to 15 cm. The gills are white and free of the stem, and display red spots when damaged.

The spores are white, ovate, amyloid, and approximately 8 by 5 µm in size.

The flavour of the uncooked flesh is mild, but has a faint acrid aftertaste. The smell is not strong.

The mushroom is often attacked by insects.

Distribution and habitat

It is common throughout much of Europe and eastern North America, growing on poor soils as well as in deciduous or coniferous woodlands. It has also been recorded from South Africa, where it is thought to have been accidentally introduced with trees imported from Europe. [cite journal|author=Reid DA, Eicker A|year=1991|title=South African fungi: the genus "Amanita"|journal=Mycological Research|volume=95|pages=80–95|format=PDF|url=http://www.msu.edu/user/hallenhe/SAJB%20amatoxin.pdf|accessdate=2007-11-13]

"Amanita novinupta"

Other species

Closely related species include "Amanita brunneolocularis", "A. orsonii", "A. rubescens" var. "alba", and "A. rubescens" var. "congolensis". [http://pluto.njcc.com/~ret/amanita/species/brunlocu.html]

mycomorphbox
name = Amanita rubescens "and allies'
whichGills = free
capShape = flat
hymeniumType=gills
stipeCharacter=ring
ecologicalType=mycorrhizal
sporePrintColor=white
howEdible=choice
howEdible2=caution

Uses

Both of these species are edible when cooked. European "Amanita rubescens" is known to contain a hemolytic poison in its raw state; it is unknown whether North American "A. rubescens" and "A. novinupta" are similarly toxic in its raw state. This toxin is destroyed by cooking.

"Amanita novinupta" is highly regarded as a choice edible in the region in which it is found. However, the edibility of blusher species other than "A. rubescens" and "A. novinupta" has not been established and experimentation is not advised.

Some experts recommend avoiding the consumption of any species of "Amanita". [http://www.mushroomexpert.com/amanita.html#bravado]

References

External links

* [http://pluto.njcc.com/~ret/amanita/key.dir/valirube.pdf "Tabular and Nontabular Keys to the Rubescent Species of "Amanita" section "Validae"] by Rodham E. Tulloss, March 10, 2003.

"Amanita rubescens"

* [http://www.mushroomexpert.com/amanita_rubescens.html "Amanita rubescens"] by Michael Kuo, "MushroomExpert.Com", March 2003.
* [http://pluto.njcc.com/~ret/amanita/species/ruberube.html "Amanita rubescens Pers.:Fr."] by Rodham E. Tulloss, June 25, 2006.

"Amanita novinupta"

* [http://www.mushroomexpert.com/amanita_novinupta.html "Amanita novinupta"] by Michael Kuo, "MushroomExpert.Com", March 2003.
* [http://pluto.njcc.com/~ret/amanita/species/novinupt.html "Amanita novinupta Tulloss & J. Lindgr."] by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.
* [http://www.mykoweb.com/CAF/species/Amanita_novinupta.html "Amanita novinupta"] by Michael Wood & Fred Stevens, "MykoWeb", 2004.

Other species

* [http://pluto.njcc.com/~ret/amanita/species/brunlocu.html "Amanita brunneolocularis Tulloss, Ovrebo & Halling"] by Rodham E. Tulloss, October 6, 2006.
* [http://pluto.njcc.com/~ret/amanita/species/flavorub.html "Amanita flavorubens (Berk. & Mont.) Sacc."] by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.
* [http://www.mushroomexpert.com/amanita_flavorubescens.html "Amanita flavorubescens"] by Michael Kuo, "MushroomExpert.Com", September 2002.
* [http://pluto.njcc.com/~ret/amanita/species/orsoniis.html "Amanita orsonii A. Kumar & T. N. Lakh."] by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.
* [http://pluto.njcc.com/~ret/amanita/species/rubealba.html "Amanita rubescens var. alba Coker"] by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.
* [http://pluto.njcc.com/~ret/amanita/species/congolen.html "Amanita rubescens var. congolensis Beeli"] by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Blusher — Blush er (bl[u^]sh [ e]r), n. One that blushes. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • blusher — ► NOUN ▪ a cosmetic used to give a warm reddish tinge to the cheeks …   English terms dictionary

  • blusher — [blush′ər] n. 1. a person who blushes, esp. one who blushes readily 2. any of various cosmetic powders, creams, etc., traditionally pink or reddish, applied to the face, esp. the cheeks, to give added color …   English World dictionary

  • blusher — [[t]blʌ̱ʃə(r)[/t]] blushers N MASS Blusher is a coloured substance that women put on their cheeks …   English dictionary

  • blusher — noun Date: 1659 1. one who blushes 2. blush 4 …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • blusher — /blush euhr/, n. 1. a person who blushes. 2. Also called blush, blush on. a cosmetic similar to rouge, used to add color to the cheeks. 3. an edible mushroom, Amanita rubescens, that turns from yellow to red when touched. [1655 65; BLUSH + ER1] * …   Universalium

  • blusher — noun a) Agent noun of blush; one who blushes. b) Face makeup that makes the cheeks rosier …   Wiktionary

  • blusher — blush|er [ˈblʌʃə US ər] n also blush AmE [U] cream or powder used for making your cheeks look red or pink …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • blusher — blush|er [ blʌʃər ] noun uncount BRITISH BLUSH for your cheeks …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • blusher — blush·er || blʌʃə n. blush, reddish powder or cream applied to the cheeks; person one who blushes, rouge; yellowish edible mushroom that becomes red when touched …   English contemporary dictionary

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