Dopaminergic cell groups

Dopaminergic cell groups

Dopaminergic cell groups are collections of neurons in the central nervous system that have been demonstrated by histochemical fluorescence to contain the neurotransmitter dopamine.[1]

Eleven discrete dopaminergic cell groups have been identified.[2][3][4]

Contents

Cell group A8

Group A8 is a small group of dopaminergic cells in rodents[5] and primates.[3] It is located in the midbrain reticular formation dorsolateral to the substantia nigra at the level of the red nucleus and caudally. In the mouse it is identified with the retrorubral field as defined by classical stains.[6]

Cell group A9

Group A9 is the most densely packed group of dopaminergic cells, and is located in the ventrolateral midbrain of rodents[5] and primates.[3] It is for the most part identical with the pars compacta of the substantia nigra as defined on the basis of Nissl stains.

Cell group A10

Group A10 is the largest group of dopaminergic cells in the ventral midbrain tegmentum of rodents[5] and primates.[3] The cells are located for the most part in the ventral tegmental area, the linear nucleus and, in primates, the part of central gray of the midbrain located between the left and right oculomotor nuclear complexes.

Cell group A11

Group A11 is a small group of dopaminergic cells located in the posterior periventricular nucleus and the intermediate periventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus in the macaque.[3] In the rat, small numbers of cells assigned to this group are also found in the posterior nucleus of hypothalamus, the supramammillary area and the reuniens nucleus.[5]

Cell group A12

Group A12 is a small group of cells in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in primates.[3] In the rat a few cells belonging to this group are also seen in the anteroventral portion of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.[5]

Cell group A13

Group A13 is distributed in clusters that, in the primate, are ventral and medial to the mammillothalamic tract of the hypothalamus; a few extend into the reuniens nucleus of the thalamus.[3] In the mouse, A13 is located ventral to the mammillothalamic tract of the thalamus in the zona incerta.[6]

Cell group A14

Group A14 consists of a few cells observed in and near the preoptic periventricular nucleus of the primate.[3] In the mouse, cells in the anterodorsal preoptic nucleus are assigned to this group.[6]

Cell group A15

Group A15 exists in a few species, such as sheep, and immunoreactive for tyrosine hydroxylase, a precursor of dopamine, in many other species including rodents and primates. It is located in ventral and dorsal components within the preoptic periventricular nucleus and adjacent parts of the anterior hypothalamic region. It is continuous caudally with the dopaminergic group A14.[7]

Cell group A16

Group A16 is located in the olfactory bulb of vertebrates, including rodents and primates.[2]

Cell group Aaq

Group Aaq is a sparse group of cells located in the rostral half of the central gray of the midbrain in primates. It is more prominent in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri) than the macaque.[3]

Telencephalic group

This group is a population of cells immunoreactive for dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase that are broadly distributed in the rostral forebrain, including such structures as: substantia innominata, diagonal band, olfactory tubercle, prepyriform area, striatum (at levels rostral to the anterior commissure), claustrum, and deep cortical layers of all gyri of the frontal lobe rostral to the head of the caudate nucleus; the cells are also numerous in intervening white matter, including the external capsule, extreme capsule and frontal white matter. They are found in the rodent, the macaque and the human.[4]

Footnotes

References

  • Dahlstrom A; Fuxe K (1964). "Evidence for the existence of monoamine-containing neurons in the central nervous system". Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 62: 1-55. PMID 14229500. 
  • Dubach MF (1994). "11:Telencephalic dopamine cells in monkeys, humans and rats". In Smeets WJAJ, Reiner A. Phylogeny and Development of Catecholamine Systems in the CNS of Vertebrates. Cambridge, England: University Press. OCLC 2830029952121. 
  • Felten DL; Sladek JR Jr. (1983). "Monoamine distribution in primate brain V. Monoaminergic nuclei: anatomy, pathways and local organization". Brain Research Bulletin 10(2): 171-284. PMID 6839182. 
  • Fuxe K; Hoekfelt T; Ungerstedt U. "Morphological and functional aspects of central monoamine neurons". International Review of Neurobiology 13: 93-126. doi:10.1016/S0074-7742(08)60167-1. 
  • Paxinos G; Franklin KBJ (2001). The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates (2nd ed.). San Diego: Academic Press. OCLC 493265554. 
  • Smeets WJAJ; Reiner A (1994). "20:Catecholamines in the CNS of vertebrates: current concepts of evolution and functional significance". In Smeets WJAJ, Reiner A. Phylogeny and Development of Catecholamine Systems in the CNS of Vertebrates. Cambridge, England: University Press. OCLC 2830029952121. 
  • Tillet Y (1994). "9: Catecholaminergic neuronal systems in the diencephalon of mammals". In Smeets WJAJ, Reiner A. Phylogeny and Development of Catecholamine Systems in the CNS of Vertebrates. Cambridge, England: University Press. OCLC 2830029952121. 

External links


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • neural stem cell — ▪ biology       largely undifferentiated cell originating in the central nervous system (nervous system, human). Neural stem cells (stem cell) (NSCs) have the potential to give rise to offspring cells that grow and differentiate into neurons… …   Universalium

  • Induced pluripotent stem cell — Induced pluripotent stem cells, commonly abbreviated as iPS cells or iPSCs, are a type of pluripotent stem cell artificially derived from a non pluripotent cell, typically an adult somatic cell, by inducing a forced expression of certain genes.… …   Wikipedia

  • Primate basal ganglia system — The primate basal ganglia system is a symmetrical major cerebral system that has only recently been recognized. In the past, part of it was presented as motor or extrapyramidal , complementary to the corticospinal (pyramidal) system. Contrary to… …   Wikipedia

  • nervous system, human — ▪ anatomy Introduction       system that conducts stimuli from sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord and that conducts impulses back to other parts of the body. As with other higher vertebrates, the human nervous system has two main… …   Universalium

  • Ganglions de la base du primate — Système des ganglions de la base du primate Le système des ganglions de la base est un ensemble d éléments du système nerveux formant un système qui ne se définit pas a priori par des « fonctions » mais par une combinatoire de… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Systeme des ganglions de la base du primate — Système des ganglions de la base du primate Le système des ganglions de la base est un ensemble d éléments du système nerveux formant un système qui ne se définit pas a priori par des « fonctions » mais par une combinatoire de… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Système de ganglions basaux des primates — Système des ganglions de la base du primate Le système des ganglions de la base est un ensemble d éléments du système nerveux formant un système qui ne se définit pas a priori par des « fonctions » mais par une combinatoire de… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Pars compacta — Infobox Brain Name = PAGENAME Latin = GraySubject = 188 GrayPage = 802 Caption = Caption2 = IsPartOf = Components = Artery = Vein = BrainInfoType = hier BrainInfoNumber = 528 MeshName = MeshNumber = The pars compacta is a portion of the… …   Wikipedia

  • Habenula — Infobox Brain Name = PAGENAME Latin = GraySubject = GrayPage = Caption = Mesal aspect of a brain sectioned in the median sagittal plane. Habenula is not labeled directly, but after expanding, look to region with habenular commissure , pineal body …   Wikipedia

  • Frontostriatal circuit — Frontostriatal circuits are neural pathways that connect frontal lobe regions with the basal ganglia that mediate motor, cognitive, and behavioural programs within the brain (Alexander et al., 1986, 1990) and receive inputs from dopaminergic,… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”