Etoposide

Etoposide

drugbox
IUPAC_name = 4'-demethyl-epipodophyllotoxin 9- [4,6-O-("R")-ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside] , 4' -(dihydrogen phosphate)



CAS_number = 33419-42-0
ATC_prefix = L01
ATC_suffix = CB01
ATC_supplemental =
PubChem = 36462
DrugBank = APRD00239
C = 29 | H = 32 | O = 13
molecular_weight = 588.557 g/mol
bioavailability = Highly variable, 25 to 75%
protein_bound = 97%
metabolism = Hepatic (CYP3A4 involved)
elimination_half-life = Oral: 6 h., IV: 6-12 h., IV in children: 3 h.
pregnancy_AU = D
pregnancy_US = D
legal_UK = POM
legal_US = Rx-only
routes_of_administration = Oral, intravenous
excretion = Renal and fecal

Etoposide phosphate (brand names: Eposin, Etopophos, Vepesid, VP-16) is an inhibitor of the enzyme topoisomerase II. It is used as a form of chemotherapy for malignancies such as Ewing's sarcoma, lung cancer, testicular cancer, lymphoma, non-lymphocytic leukemia, and glioblastoma multiforme. It is often given in combination with other drugs. It is also sometimes used in a conditioning regimen prior to a bone marrow or blood stem cell transplant.

Chemically it derives from podophyllotoxin, a toxin found in the American Mayapple.

Administration

It is given intravenously or orally in capsule form. If the drug is given by IV it must be done slowly over a 30 to 60 minute period because it can lower blood pressure as it is being administered. Blood pressure is checked often during infusing with the speed of administration adjusted accordingly.

Patients are generally advised to call their doctor in case of fever, symptoms of infection or painful injection sites, as these may progress severely without adequate medical attention.

Patients are advised to drink large amounts of fluids after treatment to prevent damage to the bladder and kidneys, typically 1.5 to 3.5 litres of water on the day of treatment and for several days after.

ide effects

Common are:
* low blood pressure
* hair loss
* pain and or burning at the IV site
* constipation or diarrhea
* metallic food taste
* Bone marrow suppression, leading to:
** decreased white blood cell counts (leading to increased susceptibility to infections)
** low red blood cell counts (anemia)
** low platelet counts (leading to easy bruising and bleeding)

Less common are:
* nausea and vomiting
* allergic type reactions
* rash
* fever, often occurring shortly after IV administration and not due to infection
* mouth sores
* Acute myeloid leukemia

External links

* [http://www.aidsinfo.nih.gov/DrugsNew/DrugDetailT.aspx?int_id=81 Etoposide information at the U.S. National Institutes of Health]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Etoposide — Étoposide Étoposide Général Nom IUPAC 4 déméthyl épipodophyllotoxine, 4,6 O éthylidène béta D glucopyranoside (8CI) …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Étoposide — Général Nom IUPAC 4 déméthyl épipodophyllotoxine, 4,6 O éthylidène béta D glucopyranoside (8CI) No CAS …   Wikipédia en Français

  • etoposide — fármaco antineoplásico utilizado en el tratamiento de una amplia gama de cánceres sólidos o hematológicos Diccionario ilustrado de Términos Médicos.. Alvaro Galiano. 2010 …   Diccionario médico

  • etoposide phosphate — the phosphate salt of etoposide, having the same actions and uses as the base; administered intravenously …   Medical dictionary

  • etoposide — Lignan derivative synthesized from podophyllotoxin. Used as an anti tumour drug and probably works by inhibiting topoisomerase II …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • etoposide — noun A derivative of podophyllotoxin that is used in the treatment of some cancers by inhibiting mitosis …   Wiktionary

  • etoposide — A semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin; a mitotic inhibitor used in the treatment of refractory testicular tumors, small cell lung cancer, and other cancers. * * * eto·po·side …   Medical dictionary

  • etoposide — n. chemical compound used as a medication for several types of cancer …   English contemporary dictionary

  • etoposide — n. a cytotoxic drug derived from an extract of the mandrake plant that interferes with DNA replication. It is administered intravenously or by mouth, primarily in the treatment of bronchial carcinoma, lymphomas, and testicular tumours. Side… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • etoposide — An anticancer drug that belongs to the families of drugs called podophyllotoxin derivatives and topoisomerase inhibitors …   English dictionary of cancer terms

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”